七年级上册期末模拟卷重点难点有哪些?
校园之窗 2026年1月12日 21:47:10 99ANYc3cd6
七年级上册期末模拟卷
(满分:150分 考试时间:120分钟)
第一部分:语文(满分50分)
积累与运用(共15分)
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下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是( )(3分) A. 确凿(zuò) 憔悴(cuì) 匿笑(nì) 人迹罕至(hǎn) B. 倜傥(tǎng) 感慨(kǎi) 搓捻(niǎn) 人声鼎沸(dǐng) C. 徘徊(huái) 奥秘(ào) 狭隘(ài) 刨根问底(páo) D. 蜷曲(juǎn) 菜畦(qí) 倔强(jué) 恍然大悟(huǎng)
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下列词语书写没有错别字的一项是( )(3分) A. 煞有介事 花团锦簇 美不胜收 截然不同 B. 混为一谈 沾轻怕重 恍然大悟 麻木不仁 C. 惊慌失措 杞人忧天 神采弈弈 随声附和 D. 怪诞不经 怏怏不乐 哄堂大笑 大相径廷
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古诗文默写。(共6分,每空1分) (1)《论语》中阐述“学”与“思”辩证关系的句子是:____,____。 (2)李白在《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》中,将明月人格化,寄托对友人深切同情的句子是:____,____。 (3)《次北固山下》中蕴含新事物必将取代旧事物,哲理深刻,揭示自然规律的句子是:____,____。
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综合性学习。(共3分) 学校正在开展“少年正是读书时”主题活动,请你为本次活动设计一条宣传标语,并说明理由。
- 标语: _____
- 理由: _____
阅读理解(共25分)
(一) 阅读下面的文言文,完成5-7题。(共10分)
《陈太丘与友期行》 陈太丘与友期行,期日中,过中不至,太丘舍去,去后乃至,元方时年七岁,门外戏,客问元方:“尊君在不?”答曰:“待君久不至,已去。”友人便怒:“非人哉!与人期行,相委而去。”元方曰:“君与家君期日中,日中不至,则是无信;对子骂父,则是无礼。”友人惭,下车引之,元方入门不顾。
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解释下列加点词语在句中的意思。(4分) (1)太丘舍去:____ (2)尊君在不:____ (3)元方入门不顾:____ (4)下车引之:____
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将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(3分) 友人惭,下车引之,元方入门不顾。
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元方“入门不顾”的行为是否失礼?请结合文章内容谈谈你的看法。(3分)
(二) 阅读下面的现代文,完成8-11题。(共15分)
那盏灯 ① 那是一个冬天的夜晚,风刮得很紧,雪片像扯破了的棉絮,纷纷扬扬地飘落下来,我背着书包,低着头,艰难地走在回家的路上,风像刀子一样刮着我的脸,雪灌进了我的脖子里,冷得我直打哆嗦。 ② 我家住在城郊,从学校到家要穿过一条长长的胡同,胡同里没有路灯,漆黑一片,只有我的脚步声在空旷的巷子里回响,我害怕极了,总觉得黑暗中有什么东西在跟着我,我一边走,一边用脚踢着路上的石子,给自己壮胆。 ③ 就在我快要走到胡同口时,一束温暖的光突然照在了我的身上,我抬起头,看到胡同口的一扇窗户里,透出橘黄色的灯光,那灯光并不明亮,却像一束希望,瞬间驱散了我心中的恐惧,我顺着灯光望去,是一位白发苍苍的老奶奶,她正微笑着看着我,手里拿着一个手电筒。 ④ “孩子,天黑路滑,慢点走。”老奶奶的声音很温和。 ⑤ 我愣住了,一股暖流涌上心头,我冲着老奶奶笑了笑,说:“谢谢您,奶奶!” ⑥ 从那以后,每天晚上,当我走到那盏灯下时,总能看到那束温暖的光,它像一个忠实的伙伴,陪伴我走过那段黑暗的路,我也习惯了和老奶奶点头微笑,有时还会大声地对她说一声“奶奶好!” ⑦ 那盏灯,不仅仅是一束光,它更像是一种温暖,一种关怀,一种人与人之间的善意,在那个寒冷的冬夜,它照亮了我回家的路,也温暖了我的心。 ⑧ 后来,我搬家了,再也没有走过那条胡同,但那盏灯,那位老奶奶,却永远地留在了我的记忆里,每当我遇到困难和害怕的时候,我就会想起那束光,想起那位老奶奶,它告诉我,这个世界是温暖的,总有人在默默地关心着你。 ⑨ 我长大了,也学会了去关心别人,每当看到有人需要帮助时,我都会伸出援手,因为我知道,一束微小的光,也能照亮别人前行的路。
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请用简洁的语言概括文章的主要内容。(3分)
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请从修辞手法的角度,赏析第①段中划线的句子。(4分) 风刮得很紧,雪片像扯破了的棉絮,纷纷扬扬地飘落下来。
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第⑦段说“那盏灯,不仅仅是一束光,它更像是一种温暖,一种关怀,一种人与人之间的善意”,请结合全文谈谈你对这句话的理解。(4分)
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文章结尾说“我也学会了去关心别人”,结合你的生活实际,谈谈你从老奶奶身上学到了什么。(4分)
第二部分:数学(满分50分)
选择题(每小题3分,共18分)
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如果向东走5米记作+5米,那么向西走3米记作( ) A. +3米 B. -3米 C. +8米 D. -8米
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下列各数中,是负数的是( ) A. -|-2| B. (-2)² C. -(-2) D. |-2|
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下列合并同类项正确的是( ) A. 3a + 2b = 5ab B. 5y² - 3y² = 2 C. 7x - 3x = 4x D. 4m²n - 4m²n = 0
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用科学记数法表示6 700 000,正确的是( ) A. 67 × 10⁵ B. 6.7 × 10⁶ C. 0.67 × 10⁷ D. 6.7 × 10⁵
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下列调查中,适合采用抽样调查的是( ) A. 调查某班学生的视力情况 B. 调查一批炮弹的杀伤半径 C. 对乘坐某航班的旅客进行安全检查 D. 了解全国七年级学生的平均身高
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一个几何体从上面看得到的图形是圆,从正面看得到的图形是长方形,则这个几何体是( ) A. 圆柱 B. 圆锥 C. 球 D. 正方体
填空题(每小题3分,共12分)
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-5的相反数是__,绝对值是__。
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若单项式-3x²yᵐ与5xⁿy是同类项,则m=__,n=__。
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将方程3x - 2y = 5变形为用y表示x的形式,得x = __。
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一个多边形从一个顶点出发可以引出5条对角线,这个多边形是__边形,其内角和为__度。
解答题(共20分)
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计算题。(每小题4分,共8分) (1)-14 + (-2)² × | -3 | ÷ 3 (2)-2(a² - 2ab) - (3a² - ab)
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解方程组。(6分)
{ 2x + y = 7 { 3x - y = 5 -
应用题。(6分) 某商店在促销活动中,将一件商品按成本价提高50%后标价,又以8折(即按标价的80%)出售,结果仍获利20元,求这件商品的成本价是多少元?
第三部分:英语(满分50分)
单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)
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—What's this in English? —It's __ orange. It's __ useful fruit. A. a; a B. an; a C. an; an D. a; an
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My sister wants to be a __ when she grows up. She likes helping people. A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. driver
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—__ is your birthday? —It's on November 10th. A. What B. When C. Where D. How old
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There are __ books in our school library. You can read any of them. A. hundred of B. five hundreds C. hundreds of D. five hundred of
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—Let's play basketball after school. —That __ good. A. sounds B. looks C. tastes D. smells
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My father is very busy. He __ reads newspapers or watches TV in the evening. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
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—__ do you go to the movies? —Once a month. A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How much
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I need to buy some __ for my grandfather's birthday. A. clothes B. food C. presents D. water
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—Must I finish my homework now? —No, you __. You can do it tomorrow. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't
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—__? —She is tall and has long hair. A. What does your sister look like B. What is your sister C. Where is your sister D. How is your sister
完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)
Dear Tom,
How are you? I'm very happy to get your 1 . You want to know about my school life. Let me 2 you something about it.
I go to school from Monday to 3 . We have four classes in the morning and two in the 4 . My favorite subject is 5 . I think it is very interesting. My math teacher, Mr. Wang, is very 6 . He is kind and helpful. All the students like him 7 .
I like playing sports. I often play basketball 8 my classmates after school. It's very 9 . We all have a good time. I also like reading books in the school 10 . It's very quiet.
Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Ming
- A. letter B. book C. pen D. bag
- A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
- A. Sunday B. Saturday C. Friday D. Thursday
- A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night
- A. English B. math C. music D. art
- A. strict B. busy C. great D. young
- A. very B. too C. also D. much
- A. and B. with C. for D. to
- A. boring B. difficult C. relaxing D. sad
- A. library B. classroom C. playground D. dining hall
阅读理解(每小题2分,共20分)
A My name is Anna. I am a student. I have a good friend. Her name is Lucy. She is from America. She is 13 years old. She has long, curly brown hair and big blue eyes. She is very cute. We are in the same class. We often go to school together and play games after school. Lucy likes apples, but she doesn't like bananas. I like bananas, but I don't like apples. So we often share (分享) our fruit. We are very happy to be friends.
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Where is Lucy from? A. China. B. America. C. England. D. Japan.
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What does Lucy look like? A. She has short, straight hair. B. She has long, curly brown hair. C. She has short, black hair. D. She has long, straight hair.
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What fruit does Anna like? A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Pears. D. Oranges.
B Welcome to the City Zoo! There are many animals here. You can see them from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on weekdays. On weekends, you can see them from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Tickets:
- Adults (成人): $15
- Children (12 and under): $8
- Students with ID cards: $10
Rules:
- Don't give food to the animals.
- Don't touch the animals.
- Don't make loud noises.
- Take your rubbish away with you.
We hope you have a good time here!
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How long can you see the animals on Saturday? A. 7 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 9 hours. D. 10 hours.
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If a student with an ID card and his parents (two adults) want to visit the zoo, they need to pay __. A. $23 B. $38 C. $43 D. $53
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Which of the following is NOT allowed in the zoo? A. Taking photos. B. Giving food to animals. C. Making loud noises. D. Taking rubbish away.
C A mother and her son were walking in the park. The son was about four years old. He saw a small worm on the ground. He wanted to step on it. His mother stopped him and said, "Don't do that, my dear. It's a small life, too." The son looked at his mother and then at the worm. He thought for a moment and said, "But, Mom, it's just a worm." The mother smiled and said, "Yes, it is. But it's alive, just like you and me. Every life is important. We should be kind to all living things." The son understood. He put his foot down gently beside the worm and walked away with his mother. He learned a lesson about kindness that day.
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What did the son want to do at first? A. To pick up the worm. B. To step on the worm. C. To watch the worm. D. To kill the worm.
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What did the mother want to teach her son? A. Worms are very important. B. They should be kind to all living things. C. He should be careful when walking. D. The park is a good place to walk.
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What does the underlined word "gently" mean in Chinese? A. 用力地 B. 轻轻地 C. 迅速地 D. 粗鲁地
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What did the son learn from his mother? A. How to walk in the park. B. The importance of being kind to all life. C. Worms are dangerous. D. His mother is very smart.
书面表达(共10分)
假设你是李华,你的英国笔友 Tom 想了解你的周末活动,请你根据以下提示,写一封邮件向他介绍你的一个周末。 提示:
- 周六上午:去图书馆看书。
- 周六下午:和朋友们踢足球。
- 周日上午:帮妈妈做家务(clean the house)。
- 周日下午:休息,看电视。 要求:
- 词数60左右。
- 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数,可适当发挥,要求语句通顺,意思连贯。
Dear Tom,
How are you? I'm happy to tell you about my last weekend.
Yours, Li Hua
参考答案及评分标准
第一部分:语文(满分50分)
积累与运用(共15分)
- C (A项确凿záo;B项人声鼎沸fèi;D项蜷曲quán)
- A (B项沾轻怕重应为“拈轻怕重”;C项神采弈弈应为“神采奕奕”;D项大相径廷应为“大相径庭”)
- (1)学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆 (2)我寄愁心与明月,随君直到夜郎西 (3)海日生残夜,江春入旧年 (每空1分,错字、漏字、添字均不得分)
- 标语示例: 书籍是人类进步的阶梯。/ 读万卷书,行万里路。(1分) 理由示例: 因为这个比喻生动形象地说明了读书对于个人成长和社会进步的重要性,能激励我们多读书。(2分,言之有理即可)
阅读理解(共25分) (一)《陈太丘与友期行》(共10分) 5. (1)舍弃,丢下(2)对别人父亲的尊称(3)回头看(4)拉,牵拉(每空1分) 6. 朋友感到惭愧,下车去拉元方,元方头也不回地走进了家门。(3分,关键词“惭”、“引”、“不顾”翻译正确,语句通顺) 7. 不失礼。 元方年仅七岁,他能义正辞严地指出友人“无信”“无礼”的错误,已经非常了不起,友人知错能改,元方“入门不顾”表现了他的正直和原则性,是维护自己尊严的表现。(3分) 失礼。** “礼”是中华民族的传统美德,即使对方有错,作为晚辈也应保持基本的礼貌,元方“入门不顾”的行为显得有些不近人情,缺乏宽容之心。(3分,言之有理即可酌情给分)
(二)《那盏灯》(共15分) 8. “我”在冬夜放学回家的路上,得到胡同口一位老奶奶用手电筒的光的陪伴和关怀,深受感动,并学会了将这份善意传递下去。(3分,要素:人物、事件、结果) 9. 运用了比喻的修辞手法,将“雪片”比作“扯破了的棉絮”,生动形象地写出了雪下得又大又急的景象,渲染了寒冷、肃杀的氛围,为下文“我”的恐惧和老奶奶的温暖形成对比做铺垫。(4分,指出修辞手法1分,分析作用3分) 10. 这盏灯不仅提供了物理上的照明,更重要的是它传递了人与人之间的温暖、关怀和善意。 它驱散了“我”对黑暗的恐惧,给“我”带来了心灵的慰藉和安全感,让“我”感受到了世界的美好。(4分,结合“温暖、关怀、善意”三点作答,每点1分,总结1分) 11. 示例: 我从老奶奶身上学到了“赠人玫瑰,手有余香”的道理,我学会了在别人需要帮助时,要毫不犹豫地伸出援手,在公交车上看到老人,我会主动让座;看到同学有困难,我会尽力帮助,因为我明白,小小的善举能给他人带来巨大的温暖。(4分,结合生活实际1分,说明学到的道理2分,语言表达1分)
第二部分:数学(满分50分)
选择题(每小题3分,共18分)
B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A
填空题(每小题3分,共12分) 7. 5; 5 8. 1; 2 9. (5 + 2y) / 3 10. 八; 1080 (n边形从一个顶点出发的对角线数为n-3,所以n-3=5,n=8,内角和为(n-2)×180°=6×180°=1080°)
解答题(共20分) 11. (1)解:原式 = -1 + 4 × 3 ÷ 3 = -1 + 4 = 3 (4分) (2)解:原式 = -2a² + 4ab - 3a² + ab = (-2a² - 3a²) + (4ab + ab) = -5a² + 5ab (4分) 12. 解:① + ② 得:5x = 12 x = 12/5 把 x = 12/5 代入①得:2 × (12/5) + y = 7 24/5 + y = 7 y = 7 - 24/5 = 11/5 所以方程组的解是 { x = 12/5 , y = 11/5 } (6分) 13. 解:设这件商品的成本价是x元。 根据题意,得: (1 + 50%)x × 80% - x = 20 5x × 0.8 - x = 20 2x - x = 20 2x = 20 x = 100 答:这件商品的成本价是100元。 (6分,设未知数1分,列方程2分,解方程2分,答1分)
第三部分:英语(满分50分)
单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)
B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A
完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)
A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A
阅读理解(每小题2分,共20分) 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. B
书面表达(共10分) One possible version:
Dear Tom,
How are you? I'm happy to tell you about my last weekend. On Saturday morning, I went to the library to read some books. It was very quiet and I learned a lot. In the afternoon, I played football with my friends. We had a great time. On Sunday morning, I helped my mom clean the house. I felt very happy. In the afternoon, I rested at home and watched TV. It was a relaxing but busy weekend.
Yours, Li Hua
评分标准:
- 内容(4分): 涵盖所有要点,内容充实,有适当发挥。
- 语言(4分): 语法正确,句式多样,词汇丰富,表达准确。
- 组织(2分): 结构清晰,逻辑连贯,格式正确。
- 扣分点: 每个语法错误扣0.5分;每个单词拼写错误扣0.5分;每处标点错误扣0.5分,错误累计不超过4分,内容要点每少一个扣1分。