八年级上册英语复习资料人教版

八年级上册英语复习总览

核心目标：

1. 掌握核心词汇：熟练运用本册书要求的四会（听、说、读、写）单词和短语。
2. 熟练运用重点句型：能够自如地在口语和书面表达中使用核心句型进行交流。
3. 系统梳理语法知识：重点掌握一般过去时、一般将来时、情态动词、比较级和最高级等核心语法。
4. 提升综合运用能力：能够围绕单元话题，进行简单的阅读、写作和口语交际。

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分单元复习要点

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

核心词汇

• 名词: vacation, beach, pool, test, camp, hill, museum, bookstore, cinema, supermarket, farm, countryside, butterfly, bird, painting, wonder, diary, report, bird, duck, pig, farmer
• 动词: decide, try, paraglide, feel, walk, study, learn, find, lose, buy, get, wait, stop, happen
• 形容词: delicious, expensive, cheap, crowded, exciting, terrible, expensive, cheap, boring, famous
• 副词: anyone, everyone, someone, something, nothing, everyone, of course, myself, yourself, hen
• 短语: go on vacation, stay at home, go to the mountains, go to the beach, visit museums, go to the countryside, walk around, buy something, quite a few, most of, of course, feel like, because of, one bowl of, find out

重点句型

1. — Where did you go on vacation? (你假期去哪儿了？) — I went to the mountains. (我去爬山了。)
2. — Did you go anywhere interesting? (你去什么有趣的地方了吗？) — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. (是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。)
3. How was your weekend? (你的周末怎么样？) — It was great. (很棒。)
4. Did Carol go shopping? (卡罗尔去购物了吗？) — Yes, she did. She bought some new clothes. (是的，她去了，她买了一些新衣服。)
5. I felt tired but happy. (我感到累但很快乐。)

语法精讲：一般过去时

• 定义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
• 结构：
  • 肯定句: 主语 + 动词过去式 + ...
  • 否定句: 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + ...
  • 一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...?
  • 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...?
• 规则动词过去式变化：
  • 一般在词尾加 -ed (e.g., play → played)
  • 以不发音的 e 加 -d (e.g., like → liked)
  • 以“辅音字母+y”变 y 为 i 再加 -ed (e.g., study → studied)
  • 以重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed (e.g., stop → stopped)
• 不规则动词过去式：需要单独记忆，如 go-went, see-saw, buy-bought, eat-ate, do-did, have-had, get-got, is-was, are-were 等。

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Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

核心词汇

• 副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
• 频率词: once, twice, three times, every day
• 动词: exercise, skate, swing, shop, swing, do homework, watch TV, go shopping, use the Internet, go to the movies
• 名词: habit, health, sleep, coffee, dentist, tooth, junk food, coffee, cola, sleep, mind, body
• 形容词: healthy, unhealthy, free, same, different, maybe

重点句型

1. — What do you usually do on weekends? (你周末通常做什么？) — I often go to the movies. (我经常去看电影。)
2. — How often do you watch TV? (你多久看一次电视？) — I watch TV once a week. (我一周看一次电视。)
3. — How many hours do you sleep every night? (你每晚睡几个小时？) — I sleep for seven hours. (我睡七个小时。)
4. Good habits help us to study better. (好习惯帮助我们学得更好。)
5. My mother wants me to drink milk. (我妈妈想让我喝牛奶。)

语法精讲：频率副词

• 位置：频率副词通常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
  • e.g., I always get up at 6:00. (实义动词前)
  • e.g., He is usually late for school. (be动词后)
  • e.g., They can never understand. (情态动词后)
• 频率排序：100% → always → usually → often → sometimes → hardly ever → never (0%)

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Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

核心词汇

• 形容词: outgoing, better, loudly, quietly, hard-working, competition, fantastic, which, clearly, win, though, necessary, friendship, mean, primary, information, score, team, calendar, physics, however, so, physics, as...as
• 副词: hard, early, late, loudly, quietly
• 短语: the same as, be different from, care about, as long as, make friends, bring out, the same as, be different from

重点句型

1. — Is that Tara? (那是塔拉吗？) — No, it's Tina. Tina is taller than Tara. (不，那是蒂娜，蒂娜比塔拉高。)
2. Both Sam and Tom can play the piano. (山姆和汤姆都会弹钢琴。)
3. Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister. (刘 Ying 不如她姐姐擅长运动。)
4. What's the matter? / What's wrong? (怎么了？)
5. I think a good friend makes me laugh. (我认为好朋友能让我发笑。)

语法精讲：形容词和副词的比较等级

• 原级: as + 形容词/副词原级 + as (和...一样)
  • e.g., He is as tall as his father. (他和他父亲一样高。)
• 比较级:
  • 构成规则:
    • 一般直接加 -er (e.g., tall → taller)
    • 以 e 加 -r (e.g., nice → nicer)
    • 以“辅音+y”变 y 为 i 再加 -er (e.g., happy → happier)
    • 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加 -er (e.g., big → bigger)
    • 多音节和部分双音节词，在词前加 more (e.g., beautiful → more beautiful)
  • 句型: A + 比较级 + than + B (A比B更...)
    • e.g., This book is more interesting than that one.
• 最高级:
  • 构成规则: 与比较级类似，将 -er 换为 -est，more 换为 most。
  • 句型: the + 最高级 + (in/of...) (最...)
    • e.g., He is the tallest in our class. (他是我们班最高的。)