人教版英语八下课本重点难点有哪些？

教材整体结构

人教版八年级下册英语教材共包含 10个单元，这些单元围绕贴近学生生活的主题展开，旨在培养学生的综合语言运用能力，特别是听、说、读、写四项技能。

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各单元核心内容概览

以下是每个单元的主题、重点语法和核心词汇，这是学习和复习的关键。

Unit 1: What's the matter?

• 主题: 健康、建议与就医
• 重点语法:
  1. 情态动词 should 的用法: 提出建议或义务。should + 动词原形。
  2. have / has + 病情: have a cold, have a fever, have a stomachache 等。
  3. Why don't you...? / Why not...? 提出建议。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: matter, fever, stomachache, sore throat, toothache, headache, rest, honey, dentist, balance, diet
  • 动词/短语: hurt, advice, should, see a dentist, lie down, get some rest, drink hot tea with honey, go to bed
  • 形容词: stressed out, traditional, balanced

Unit 2: I'll help to clean up the city parks.

• 主题: 志愿活动与社区服务
• 重点语法:
  1. 动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
     • want / hope / plan to do sth. (作宾语)
     • ask sb. to do sth. (作宾语补足语)
     • I came here to help. (作目的状语)
  2. put off / put up / hand out / give out 等动词短语。
• 核心词汇:
  • 动词/短语: clean up, cheer up, give out, come up with, put off, hand out, call up, volunteer, fix up, take after
  • 名词: sign, advertisement, volunteer, project, feeling, joy, owner, journey, repair
  • 形容词: lonely, free, kind

Unit 3: Could you please clean your room?

• 主题: 家庭责任与礼貌请求
• 重点语法:
  1. 情态动词 could 和 can 表示请求许可。
     • Could you please...? (更委婉)
     • Can you...? (直接)
     • Could I...? / Can I...? (请求自己许可)
  2. make / do 的区别: make the bed, do the dishes。
  3. accept / refuse 的用法。
• 核心词汇:
  • 动词/短语: do the chores, take out the trash, sweep the floor, make the bed, fold the clothes, stay out late, get a ride, borrow, lend, invite, accept, refuse
  • 名词: rubbish, garbage, dish, mess, teenager, stress, pressure, favor
  • 副词: hardly ever, instead

Unit 4: Why don't you talk to your parents?

• 主题: 人际关系与问题解决
• 重点语法:
  1. until 的用法: not... until... (直到...才...)。
  2. 比较级和最高级: argue, loud, bad 的比较级和最高级。
  3. instead of 的用法。
• 核心词汇:
  • 动词/短语: argue, instead of, communicate, get on (well) with, explain, clear, copy, return, argue, proper
  • 名词: pressure, competition, skill, typical, football, pushy, compare, hobby, usual
  • 形容词: wrong, strict, busy, serious, outgoing

Unit 5: What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

• 主题: 过去进行时与过去的事件
• 重点语法:
  1. 过去进行时: was/were + doing。
  2. when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句。
     • when 表示“在某个时刻”，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时。
     • while 表示“在...期间”，从句用过去进行时。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: rainstorm, alarm, beginning, heavily, suddenly, neighbor, reporter, area, fresh, wind, light, cry
  • 动词/短语: go off, pick up, beat heavily, fall asleep, die down, wake up, realize, report
  • 副词: suddenly, heavily, finally, again

Unit 6: An old man tried to move the mountains.

• 主题: 中国神话与寓言故事
• 重点语法:
  1. unless 的用法: “除非，如果不”，相当于 if... not...。
  2. as soon as 的用法: “一...就...”。
  3. so... that... 和 such... that... 结果状语从句。
  4. although / though 的用法: “虽然，尽管”。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: god, remind, bit, weak, shoot, stick, excite, silence, whole, turn... into...
  • 动词/短语: try to do, move, remind sb. of sth., keep doing, give up, get married, be born, become
  • 形容词: strong, weak, clever, patient, famous, brave

Unit 7: What's the highest mountain in the world?

• 主题: 地理知识与自然奇观
• 重点语法:
  1. 最高级: the + 最高级 + in/of...。
  2. one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词。
  3. 比较级和最高级的变化规则。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: meter, desert, population, Asia, tourism, wall, fact, condition, achievement, challenge, spirit
  • 形容词/副词: high, highly, long, deep, big, large, popular, successful, famous, difficult, freezing
  • 动词/短语: achieve, succeed in, take in, challenge, in the face of, even though

Unit 8: Have you read Treasure Island yet?

• 主题: 文学作品与阅读经历
• 重点语法:
  1. 现在完成时: have/has + 动词过去分词。
  2. already, yet, just, ever, never 在现在完成时中的用法。
  3. so far (到目前为止)。
  4. since (自从...) 和 for (持续...)。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: treasure, island, classic, page, already, writer, finish, friendship, full of, character, ship, pirate
  • 动词/短语: read, write, finish, grow up, become, learn... from..., have been to, have gone to
  • 副词: already, yet, just, ever, never

Unit 9: Have you ever been to a museum?

• 主题: 旅行经历与场所介绍
• 重点语法:
  1. 现在完成时: have/has + been to + 地点 (表示去过某地，现已回来)。
  2. 现在完成时: have/has + gone to + 地点 (表示去了某地，人还在那里或已在路上)。
  3. How 和 What 引导的感叹句。
• 核心词汇:
  • 名词: museum, park, zoo, aquarium, space, cinema, restaurant, shopping, subway, cube, inventor, technology, success, visit
  • 动词/短语: have been to, have gone to, take a vacation, see, watch, learn, get to, walk around, listen to
  • 形容词: wonderful, famous, boring, expensive, cheap, crowded, noisy, peaceful

Unit 10: I'm watching TV.

• 主题: 正在进行的活动与日常交流
• 重点语法:
  1. 现在进行时: am/is/are + doing。
  2. 现在进行时表现阶段正在发生或持续的动作。
  3. How's it going? 及其回答。
• 核心词汇:
  • 动词/短语: watch, clean, make, read, do, study, talk, wait, shop, exercise, have a great time, join
  • 名词: soup, newspaper, message, situation, news, word
  • 副词: just

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学习建议

1. 词汇是基础: 每个单元的词汇必须掌握，包括拼写、发音和用法，可以利用单词卡片、App等多种方式记忆。
2. 语法是骨架: 理解并掌握每个单元的核心语法点，并通过造句和练习来巩固，特别是现在完成时和过去进行时是八年级的重点和难点，要多加练习。
3. 听说读写全面发展:
   • 听: 认真听课本配套的录音，模仿语音语调。
   • 说: 大胆开口，和同学用英语讨论单元话题，进行角色扮演。
   • 读: 朗读课文，阅读与单元主题相关的课外短文，提高语感。
   • 写: 运用单元的词汇和句型，写日记、小作文或对话。
4. 结合语境学习: 不要孤立地背单词和语法，要把它们放到课文和对话中去理解其用法和含义。

希望这份详细的概览对您有帮助！如果您需要某个单元更具体的课文内容、练习题或讲解，可以随时提问。