冀教版八上英语知识点有哪些重点？

校园之窗 2025年12月9日 03:13:22 99ANYc3cd6 1 0

总体概述

八年级上册是初中英语承上启下的关键时期，在巩固七年级知识的基础上，重点学习一般过去时和一般将来时，并开始接触比较级和最高级等核心语法,词汇量和阅读难度都有所提升。

Unit 1: Me and My Class (我和我的班级)

核心主题： 介绍自己、同学和朋友；谈论兴趣爱好和校园生活。

（图片来源网络，侵删）

核心词汇

人物与性格: classmate (同学), friend (朋友), team (团队), leader (领导者), serious (严肃的), humorous (幽默的), helpful (乐于助人的), polite (有礼貌的), hard-working (勤奋的), outgoing (外向的), quiet (安静的)
兴趣与活动: hobby (爱好), interest (兴趣), skateboarding (滑板运动), swimming (游泳), reading (阅读), singing (唱歌), drawing (画画), chat (聊天), join (加入), practice (练习)
其他: decide (决定), introduce (介绍), information (信息), grade (年级), Canadian (加拿大人), Australian (澳大利亚人)

重点句型

介绍他人:
- This is... / These are... (这是... / 这些是...)
- He/She is... (他/她是...)
- He/She comes from... (他/她来自...)
- He/She likes... (他/她喜欢...)
表达兴趣与爱好:
- My hobby is... / My hobbies are... (我的爱好是...)
- I like/love/enjoy... (我喜欢/热爱/享受...)
- I am interested in... (我对...感兴趣。)
- What's your hobby? (你的爱好是什么？)
发出邀请与回应:
- Let's... (让我们...吧。)
- How about...? / What about...? (...怎么样？)
- That sounds good/great. (听起来不错/很棒。)
- I'd love to. / I'd like to. (我愿意。)
- Sorry, I can't. I have to... (抱歉，我不能，我得...)

核心语法

Be 动词的过去式:
- am/is -> was
- are -> were
- 用法: 用于描述过去某个时间点的状态或身份。
- 例句: He was a student last year. (他去年是一名学生。) They were very happy. (他们当时很高兴。)
实义动词的过去式:
- 规则变化: 动词原形 + -ed (e.g., play -> played, like -> liked)
- 不规则变化: 需要单独记忆 (e.g., go -> went, have -> had, do -> did, get -> got)
- 用法: 描述过去发生的动作。
- 例句: I played basketball yesterday. (我昨天打篮球了。) She went to the park last weekend. (她上周末去了公园。)

功能意念

自我介绍与介绍他人
询问与回答个人信息
谈论兴趣爱好
发出、接受和拒绝邀请

Unit 2: My Favourite School Subject (我最喜欢的学科)

核心主题： 谈论学校课程,表达喜好和原因。

核心词汇

学科: subject (学科), favourite (最喜欢的), Chinese (语文), math (数学), English (英语), science (科学), P.E. (体育), history (历史), geography (地理), art (美术), music (音乐), biology (生物)
感受与评价: interesting (有趣的), boring (无聊的), difficult (困难的), easy (容易的), useful (有用的), important (重要的), fun (有趣的)
动作与时间: start (开始), finish (结束), have (上，课), spend (花费), why (为什么), because (因为), reason (理由)

重点句型

谈论喜欢的学科:
- What's your favourite subject? (你最喜欢的学科是什么？)
- My favourite subject is... (我最喜欢的学科是...)
- Why do you like...? (你为什么喜欢...？)
- Because it's... (因为它很...)
描述课程情况:
- When do you have...? (你们什么时候上...课？)
- We have... on... (我们在...上...课。)
- How many... classes do you have in a week? (你们一周有多少节...课？)

核心语法

Why 和 Because 的回答:
（图片来源网络，侵删）
- Why 引导的特殊疑问句,用来询问原因。
- Because 引导的句子,用来回答原因。
- 例句: —Why do you like science? —Because it's interesting. (—你为什么喜欢科学？—因为它很有趣。)
What, When, How many 引导的特殊疑问句:
- What + be 动词/实义动词 + 主语? (询问事物/身份)
- When + be 动词/助动词 + 主语? (询问时间)
- How many + 复数名词 + 一般疑问句? (询问数量)
- 例句: What is your favourite fruit? When does the class start? How many books do you have?

功能意念

询问和谈论最喜欢的学科
表达对学科的喜好和理由
询问课程安排和时间

Unit 3: Families Celebrate Together (家人共庆佳节)

核心主题： 谈论中西方节日,描述节日活动和食物。

核心词汇

节日: festival (节日), celebrate (庆祝), Christmas (圣诞节), New Year's Day (元旦), Spring Festival (春节), Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节), Thanksgiving (感恩节), Halloween (万圣节)
活动与食物: get together (团聚), have a big dinner (吃一顿丰盛的晚餐), dumpling (饺子), mooncake (月饼), turkey (火鸡), gift (礼物), card (卡片), decorate (装饰), relative (亲戚)
形容词: special (特别的), traditional (传统的), lucky (幸运的), delicious (美味的), busy (忙碌的)

重点句型

谈论节日:
- What do you do on...? (你在...做什么？)
- We... (我们...)
- How do you celebrate...? (你们如何庆祝...？)
- We celebrate it by... (我们通过...来庆祝它。)
描述节日氛围:
- It's a special time for... (对...来说是个特殊的时间。)
- We are very happy/excited. (我们非常开心/兴奋。)

核心语法

一般将来时:
- 结构: will + 动词原形
- 用法: 表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 例句: I will visit my grandparents this weekend. (这个周末我将去看望我的祖父母。) They will have a party. (他们将举办一个派对。)
- 否定句: will not (won't) + 动词原形
- 一般疑问句: Will + 主语 + 动词原形...?
be going to 结构:
（图片来源网络，侵删）
- 结构: am/is/are + going to + 动词原形
- 用法: 表示计划、打算或即将要发生的事情。
- 例句: I am going to buy a new book. (我打算买一本新书。) It is going to rain. (天要下雨了。)

功能意念

谈论中西方的主要节日
描述节日的传统活动和食物
表达对节日的感受和期待

Unit 4: My Favourite School Club (我最喜欢的社团)

核心主题： 谈论学校社团,表达能力和意愿。

核心词汇

社团: club (俱乐部), school club (社团), join (加入), want (想要), hope (希望), ability (能力), skill (技能), talent (天赋)
社团类型: English club (英语俱乐部), art club (美术俱乐部), music club (音乐俱乐部), sports club (体育俱乐部), basketball club (篮球俱乐部), swimming club (游泳俱乐部)
活动与描述: practice (练习), sing (唱歌), dance (跳舞), draw (画画), play basketball (打篮球), learn English (学英语), creative (有创造力的), active (活跃的), good at (擅长)

重点句型

谈论加入社团:
- What club do you want to join? (你想加入哪个社团？)
- I want to join... (我想加入...)
- Why do you want to join...? (你为什么想加入...？)
- Because I am good at... / I like... (因为我擅长... / 我喜欢...)
表达能力:
- What can you do? (你会做什么？)
- I can... (我会...)
- I am good at... (我擅长...)

核心语法

情态动词 can 的用法:
- 用法: 表示能力、许可或可能性。
- 肯定句: can + 动词原形
- 否定句: can't / cannot + 动词原形
- 一般疑问句: Can + 主语 + 动词原形...?
- 回答: Yes, ... can. / No, ... can't.
- 例句: I can speak English. He can't swim. Can you help me? —Yes, I can.
want to do 和 hope to do 结构:
- 结构: want/hope + to + 动词原形
- 用法: 表示想要或希望做某事。
- 例句: I want to join the art club. We hope to see you soon.

功能意念

询问和谈论想参加的社团
表达自己的能力和特长
说明参加社团的理由

Unit 5: My Future Life (我的未来生活)

核心主题： 谈论对未来的职业、生活和打算。

核心词汇

职业: job (工作), work (工作), future (, dream (梦想), hope (希望), become (成为), doctor (医生), teacher (老师), engineer (工程师), scientist (科学家), singer (歌手), writer (作家)
打算与计划: plan (计划), decide (决定), move (搬，移动), live (居住), travel (旅行), study (学习), save (储蓄), money (钱)
地点: city (城市), countryside (乡村), Beijing (北京), Shanghai (上海)

重点句型

谈论未来计划和梦想:
- What do you want to be in the future? (你未来想成为什么？)
- I want to be a/an... (我想成为一名...)
- Where do you want to live? (你想住在哪里？)
- I want to live in... (我想住在...)
- How are you going to do that? (你打算怎么做？)
- I am going to... (我打算...)
描述未来生活:
- I will have a happy life. (我将会有幸福的生活。)
- There will be more tall buildings. (将会有更多的高楼。)

核心语法

be going to 表示将来的计划:
- 这是本单元的重点语法,用于描述自己已经深思熟虑过的未来安排。
- 例句: I am going to be a teacher. I am going to live in Beijing. I am going to study hard.
want to be / hope to be 表达职业愿望:
- 结构: want/hope + to be + 职业名词
- 例句: She wants to be a singer. We hope to be great scientists.

功能意念

谈论未来的职业和理想
描述对未来生活的计划和打算
表达对未来的希望和梦想

Unit 6: A Visit to the Zoo (参观动物园)

核心主题： 描述动物,表达对动物的喜爱和看法。

核心词汇

动物: zoo (动物园), animal (动物), tiger (老虎), lion (狮子), elephant (大象), panda (熊猫), monkey (猴子), giraffe (长颈鹿), snake (蛇), bear (熊), koala (考拉), penguin (企鹅)
描述词: cute (可爱的), lovely (可爱的), smart / clever (聪明的), beautiful (美丽的), scary (可怕的), dangerous (危险的), big (大的), small (小的), tall (高的), short (矮的), long (长的), fat (胖的), thin (瘦的)
动作: visit (参观), walk (散步), sleep (睡觉), eat (吃), climb (爬), swim (游泳)

重点句型

描述动物:
- What's this/that? (这是什么/那是什么？)
- It's a/an... (它是一头/一只...)
- What does it look like? (它长什么样？)
- It has... (它有...)
表达对动物的看法:
- What do you think of...? (你认为...怎么样？)
- I think it's... (我认为它很...)
- I like... because... (我喜欢...因为...)

核心语法

形容词的比较级和最高级:
- 这是本册书的绝对重点和难点。
- 规则变化:
  - 一般直接加 -er / -est: tall -> taller -> tallest
  - 以不发音的 e 加 -r / -st: nice -> nicer -> nicest
  - 以“辅音字母+y”变 y 为 i，再加 -er / -est: happy -> happier -> happiest
  - 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er / -est: big -> bigger -> biggest
- 不规则变化: 需要重点记忆 (e.g., good -> better -> best, bad -> worse -> worst, many/much -> more -> most, little -> less -> least, far -> farther/further -> farthest/furthest)
- 用法:
  - 原级: as + adj. + as (和...一样), not as/so + adj. + as (不如...)
  - 比较级: A + 比较级 + than + B (A比B...)
  - 最高级: the + 最高级 + (in/of...) (在...中最...)
- 例句: The elephant is bigger than the monkey. (大象比猴子大。) The panda is the cutest animal in the zoo. (熊猫是动物园里最可爱的动物。)