八年级上册英语复习资料有哪些重点？

人教版八年级上册英语总复习资料

核心语法重点

一般现在时 vs. 现在进行时

• 一般现在时

  
  （图片来源网络，侵删）
  • 用法: 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；客观事实或真理。
  • 标志词: always, usually, often, sometimes, every day/week, on Sundays等。
  • 结构:
    • 肯定句: 主语 + 动词原形/第三人称单数形式...
    • 否定句: 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形...
    • 一般疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形...?
  • 注意: 主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加 s 或 es (如: go -> goes, watch -> watches, study -> studies)。

• 现在进行时

  • 用法: 表示说话时正在进行的动作；当前一段时间内的活动。
  • 标志词: now, at the moment, look, listen, be + V-ing...
  • 结构:
    • 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词ing形式...
    • 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are not + 动词ing形式...
    • 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词ing形式...?
  • 注意: 动词ing形式的构成规则：
    • 一般直接加 ing (e.g., go -> going)
    • 以不发音的 e 去 e 加 ing (e.g., make -> making)
    • 重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音字母加 ing (e.g., run -> running, swim -> swimming)

情态动词 can, may, must 的用法

情态动词	含义	否定形式	后接动词
can	能力，许可	can't / cannot	动词原形
may	可能，许可（较正式）	may not	动词原形
must	必须，一定	mustn't (禁止)	动词原形

• must vs. have to:
  • must 表示主观意愿或要求。
  • have to 表示客观需要或外界要求。
  • mustn't 意思是“禁止，不许”；don't have to 意思是“不必”。

There be 句型

• 用法: 表示“在某地存在某物”。
• 结构: There be + (名词) + (地点状语)
• be动词选择:
  • is 后跟单数名词或不可数名词。
  • are 后跟复数名词。
  • 如果有两个或以上名词,be动词与最靠近它的名词保持一致（就近原则）。
• 句型转换:
  • 否定句: There isn't/aren't...
  • 一般疑问句: Is/Are there...?

形容词和副词的比较级与最高级

• 原级: 用于两者之间程度相当。
  • as + adj./adv. + as (和...一样)
  • not as/so + adj./adv. + as (不如...)
• 比较级: 用于两者之间的比较。
  • 规则变化:
    • 一般直接加 -er (e.g., tall -> taller)
    • 以 e 加 -r (e.g., nice -> nicer)
    • 重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音字母加 -er (e.g., big -> bigger)
    • 以“辅音+y”变 y 为 i 加 -er (e.g., happy -> happier)
    • 多音节词前加 more (e.g., beautiful -> more beautiful)
  • 常用句型:
    • A + 比较级 + than + B (A比B更...)
    • Which/Who + 比较级, A or B?
• 最高级: 用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示“最...”。
  • 规则变化: 与比较级类似，将 -er 换为 -est，more 换为 most。
  • 常用句型:
    • One of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 + (in...) (最...的之一)
    • The + 最高级 + (in...)

过去式

• 用法: 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
• be动词的过去式: am/is -> was, are -> were
• 规则动词过去式: 直接加 -ed (e.g., watch -> watched)
• 不规则动词过去式: 需要单独记忆 (e.g., go -> went, have -> had, do -> did, see -> saw)
• 标志词: yesterday, last night/week/month, ...ago, in + 过去的年份

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核心词汇与短语

Unit 1: Where did you go on vacation?

• 核心词汇: anyone, anywhere, wonderful, quite, something, nothing, everyone, of course, myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, diary, activity, decide, try, paragliding, bird, bicycle, building, trader, difference, top, wait, wait for, umbrella, wet, below, enough, duck, dislike, feel like, garden, butterfly, fire, fly, laugh, photo, market, hill
• 重点短语: go on vacation, visit museums, study for exams, go to the mountains, go to the beach, quite a few, most of the time, have a good time, of course, feel like, because of, one bowl of...

Unit 2: How often do you exercise?

• 核心词汇: habit, train, key, program, health, healthily, health, result, percent, online, although, through, mind, body, such as, together, die, writer, dentist, magazine, however, than, more than, less than, least, junk food, coffee, cola, sleep, dentist, magazine
• 重点短语: how often, every day, once a week, twice a month, three times a day, surf the Internet, watch TV, read books, go shopping, use the Internet, be free, junk food, coffee, stay up late, at least, look after, good for, bad for, the same as, different from

Unit 3: I'm more outgoing than my sister.

• 核心词汇: outgoing, better, loudly, quietly, hard-working, competition, fantastic, which, clearly, win, though, talent, care about, truly, be friends with, mirror, kid, as...as, say, both, should, say to, bring out, information, talent show
• 重点短语: more outgoing, more serious, more hard-working, as...as, the same as, make friends, be good at, `care about