not在英语作文中怎么读才正确?
作文示例 2025年12月17日 15:38:31 99ANYc3cd6
"not" 的发音
"not" 的发音看似简单,但很多中国学生会犯一些常见的错误,掌握正确的发音是写出地道作文的第一步。
核心发音分解
国际音标: /nɒt/ (英式) /nɑːt/ (美式)

- /n/: 这是鼻音,发音时舌尖抵住上齿龈,气流从鼻腔出来,和中文的 "n" 发音类似。
- /ɒt/ (英式) 或 /ɑːt/ (美式): 这是元音部分,也是最容易出错的地方。
- 英式发音: 嘴巴张得较小,舌身靠后,发出短促的 "o" 音,类似于单词 "hot" 或 "lot" 里的元音。
- 美式发音: 嘴巴张得更大,舌身靠后,发出类似 "啊" (ā) 的音,但更短促,类似于单词 "father" 或 "calm" 里的元音。
- 英式: 嘴巴稍扁,声音更短促。
- 美式: 嘴巴张大,声音更开阔。
连读与缩读
在日常口语和写作中,"not" 常常会以缩写形式出现,这是让语言听起来自然的关键。
最常见的缩写形式:
- is not → isn't /ˈɪznt/
- are not → aren't /ɑːnt/ (英式) /ɑːrnt/ (美式)
- do not → don't /doʊnt/
- does not → doesn't /ˈdʌznt/
- was not → wasn't /ˈwɒznt/ (英式) /ˈwʌznt/ (美式)
- were not → weren't /wɜːnt/ (英式) /wɜːrnt/ (美式)
- have not → haven't /ˈhævnt/
- has not → hasn't /ˈhæznt/
- can not → can't /kænt/ (注意:cannot 也可以写成一个词,但 can't 更常用)
- will not → won't /woʊnt/ (这是一个特殊变化,发音和 "want" 不同)
- should not → shouldn't /ˈʃʊdnt/
- could not → couldn't /ˈkʊdnt/
重要提示: 在正式的书面语(如学术论文、正式报告)中,通常建议使用完整的 "not" (e.g., "do not", "is not"),而不是缩写形式,在非正式写作(如邮件、日记、博客)中,使用缩写则更自然、更常见。

第二部分:如何在英语作文中使用 "not"
"not" 虽然是一个简单的否定词,但用好它能让你的作文表达更精确、更有力,以下是几种高级用法,能显著提升你的作文水平。
构成否定句
这是 "not" 最基本的功能。
- be 动词 + not: He is not a doctor. (他不是医生。)
- 情态动词 + not: You should not give up. (你不应该放弃。)
- 助动词 + not: I do not like coffee. (我不喜欢咖啡。)
- 一般动词 + not: (需要借助助动词) They did not go to the park. (他们没有去公园。)
用于高级否定结构(作文加分项)
仅仅会用 "not" 构成简单否定句是不够的,掌握以下结构能让你的逻辑更严谨,论证更充分。
a. "Not only... but also..." (不仅.....)

这个结构用于强调递进关系,表示后一部分比前一部分更重要或程度更深。
- 句型: Not only + 句子, but also + 句子.
- 作文应用:
- 错误示范: Reading is good for you. Watching movies is also good for you. (阅读对你有好处,看电影也有好处。)
- 升级示范: Not only does reading broaden our horizons, but it also improves our writing skills. (阅读不仅能开阔我们的视野,还能提高我们的写作技巧。)
- 分析: 这个结构不仅连接了两个优点,还通过 "not only... but also..." 强调了两者的重要性,使句子更有层次感。
b. "It is not that... but rather..." (不是...而是...)
这个结构用于澄清误解,强调真正的或更重要的原因。
- 句型: It is not that + 句子, but rather + 句子.
- 作文应用:
- 场景: 讨论成功的原因。
- 错误示范: Success is not because of luck. Success is because of hard work. (成功不是因为运气,成功是因为努力。)
- 升级示范: It is not that successful people are inherently smarter, but rather that they possess an unwavering perseverance and a willingness to learn from failure. (成功人士并非天生就更聪明,而是他们拥有不屈不挠的毅力和从失败中学习的能力。)
- 分析: 这个结构有力地驳斥了“成功靠天赋”的常见误解,并清晰地指出了更核心的品质,使论证更有说服力。
c. "Far from..." / "Anything but..." (远非... / 根本不是...)
这两个短语用于强烈否定某种说法或描述,表示“恰恰相反”。
- 句型: Far from + 名词/形容词 / Anything but + 名词
- 作文应用:
- 场景: 描述科技的影响。
- 错误示范: Social media is not always a good thing. (社交媒体并不总是好东西。)
- 升级示范: The impact of social media is far from being universally positive; it can also lead to addiction and social isolation. (社交媒体的影响远非完全是积极的;它也可能导致成瘾和社会孤立。)
- 分析: "Far from" 比 "not" 的语气更强,表达了一种“离...差得远”的感觉,批判意味更浓。
d. "No sooner... than..." / "Hardly... when..." (一...就...)
用于表示“刚刚...就...”,强调两个动作紧接着发生。
- 句型: No sooner + had + 主语 + 过去分词..., than + 主语 + 动词过去式.
或者: Hardly + had + 主语 + 过去分词..., when + 主语 + 动词过去式.
- 作文应用:
- 场景: 描述一个突发事件。
- 错误示范: I finished my homework. Then my friend called me. (我写完作业了,然后我朋友给我打电话了。)
- 升级示范: No sooner had I settled down to study, than the power went out. (我刚静下心来学习,电源就断了。)
- 分析: 这个结构让两个紧密相连的动作变得生动,增加了句子的戏剧性和节奏感,是展示高级语法的好方法。
避免双重否定
在标准英语中,避免使用双重否定,因为这会让句子变得累赘且不自然。
- 错误示范: I don't have no money. (我没有钱。)
- 正确示范: I don't have any money. (我没有钱。) 或 I have no money. (我没有钱。)
第三部分:实战应用 - 英语作文片段
下面我们来看一个完整的作文片段,综合运用以上知识点。 The Importance of Failure**
It is a common misconception that failure is something to be avoided at all costs. However, this could not be further from the truth. In fact, failure is an indispensable part of any meaningful journey towards success.
Consider the story of Thomas Edison. Not only did he face thousands of unsuccessful attempts in inventing the light bulb, but he also famously remarked, "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work." It is not that he was immune to setbacks; rather, he viewed each "not working" result as a valuable lesson that brought him one step closer to his goal. This perspective is what separates great innovators from the rest.
Therefore, we should hardly ever fear failure. Instead of seeing it as a dead end, we should embrace it as a necessary teacher. The path to achievement is far from smooth, and it is the lessons learned from our "nots" that ultimately pave the way for our "yeses."
这段作文中的亮点分析:
- "could not be further from the truth": 高级否定用法,语气强烈,意为“真相远非如此”。
- "Not only... but also...": 结构清晰,强调了爱迪生面对的困难和他的积极态度。
- "It is not that... rather...": 用于澄清,指出爱迪生并非不会失败,而是他对失败的态度与众不同。
- "hardly ever": 使用了 "hardly" 这个半否定词,表达“几乎从不”,比 "never" 或 "not often" 更地道。
- "far from smooth": 高级否定用法,强调成功之路“远非一帆风顺”。
- "lessons learned from our 'nots'": 巧妙地将 "not" 名词化,用 "our 'nots'" 指代我们的失败经历,非常生动形象。
- 发音上:注意英式和美式发音的区别,并学会在口语和写作中正确使用缩写形式。
- 用法上:
- 基础:掌握 "not" 构成否定句的基本规则。
- 进阶:熟练运用
not only... but also...,it is not that... but rather...,far from...等高级结构,让你的论证更有力、更严谨。 - 避坑:避免使用双重否定。
- 实践上:在写作中有意识地练习这些句型,将它们融入你的思考中,你的英语作文水平一定会迈上一个新台阶。