八年级下册英语单元知识点有哪些重点?
校园之窗 2025年12月14日 12:48:29 99ANYc3cd6
八年级下册英语核心知识点概览
Unit 1 What's the matter?
主题: 健康、问题与建议
核心语法: 情态动词 should 的用法
重点词汇: 身体部位、疾病、建议类动词
核心知识点详解
重点词汇

- 身体部位:
head,eye,ear,nose,mouth,tooth/teeth,neck,stomach,back,arm,hand,finger,leg,foot/feet - 疾病与不适:
have a fever/cold/headache/toothache/stomachache,have a sore throat/back,hurt,cough,stomachache - 建议与措施:
should,shouldn't,rest,drink hot tea with honey,see a dentist,lie down and rest,drink lots of water
核心句型
- 询问病情:
What's the matter (with you)?/What's the trouble (with you)?What's wrong (with you)?I have a headache./I have a sore throat.
- 提出建议:
You should lie down and rest.He shouldn't eat anything for two hours.It's a good idea to see a doctor.Why don't you drink some hot tea with honey?(Why not...?)You'd better go to bed early.(You had better...)
语法重点:情态动词 should
- 含义: 应该,表示建议或义务。
- 肯定句:
主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他.You should drink lots of water.
- 否定句:
主语 + shouldn't (should not) + 动词原形 + 其他.He shouldn't eat too much candy.
- 疑问句:
Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?Should I see a doctor?(是的, you should. / No, you shouldn't.)
- 特殊疑问句:
Who/What + should + 动词原形 + 其他?What should I do?
功能与交际
- 能够描述自己的身体状况。
- 能够向他人提出关于健康的建议。
- 能够表达关心:
I'm sorry to hear that./That sounds bad.
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
主题: 愿意提供帮助、志愿服务
核心语法: want to do sth., like to do sth., learn to do sth., offer to do sth. (不定式作宾语), try to do sth., remember to do sth.
重点词汇: 动词短语、情感、志愿者工作

核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 动词短语:
clean up,cheer up,give out,come up with,put off,hand out,call up,fix up,set up - 情感与品质:
happy,sad,lonely,kind,volunteer,strong,care for - 其他:
sign,notice,advertisement,project,feeling,satisfaction
核心句型
- 表达意愿:
I want to help homeless people.(want to do)I'd like to work outside.(would like to do)He volunteers at an animal hospital.(volunteer to do)
- 提出帮助:
I'll help clean up the city parks.(help (sb.) do sth.)She wants to cheer up the old people.(cheer sb. up)We can't put off making a plan.(put off doing sth.)
- 寻求建议:
What would you like to do?I'm making a plan to visit old people.(plan to do)
语法重点:不定式作宾语
- 用法: 在
want,like,learn,hope,plan,try,would like,agree,decide等动词后面,通常用to do形式作宾语,表示想做某事。 - 结构:
动词 + to do sth.I want to join the volunteer project.They decide to clean the river.
- 注意:
help后面既可以跟to do,也可以跟do,两者意思相近。He helps (to) clean the classroom.
功能与交际

- 能够谈论自己愿意做的事情。
- 能够使用动词短语描述志愿服务活动。
- 能够向他人提供帮助。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
主题: 家务劳动、请求与许可
核心语法: 情态动词 could 和 can 表请求,make/do 的搭配
重点词汇: 家务劳动、日常活动
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 家务劳动:
do the dishes,sweep the floor,take out the trash,make the bed,fold the clothes,clean the living room,wash the car - 日常活动:
go out with friends,use the computer,get a ride,borrow some money,watch TV,study for a test - 其他:
rubbish,mess,borrow,lend,invite,hate,stress,fair
核心句型
- 提出请求:
Could you please clean your room?(更委婉)Can you please take out the trash?(直接)Could I borrow your car?(请求许可)
- 回应请求:
- 肯定:
Sure, no problem./Of course./Yes, sure. - 否定/委婉拒绝:
Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework./I'm afraid I can't right now.
- 肯定:
- 表达不满:
Why do you always ask me to do things?I think we should learn to take care of ourselves.
语法重点
- 情态动词
could和can表请求:Could you please...?是非常礼貌的请求句型。please可以放在句首、句中或句末。Please clean the room./Clean the room, please./Could you please clean the room?
- 回答: 肯定回答用
Sure/Certainly/Of course,否定回答用Sorry, I can't...。
make和do的固定搭配:- make: 制造,创造,使...,通常与抽象名词连用。
make the bed(铺床),make a plan,make a decision,make friends,make money,make a mess
- do: 做,从事,通常与具体工作或名词连用。
do the dishes(洗碗),do the laundry(洗衣服),do homework,do the cleaning,do a good job
- make: 制造,创造,使...,通常与抽象名词连用。
功能与交际
- 能够礼貌地请求他人做某事。
- 能够礼貌地回应请求(同意或拒绝)。
- 能够谈论自己的家庭责任和家务劳动。
Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?
主题: 问题与建议、人际关系
核心语法: Why don't you...? (提建议),although / though (让步状语从句)
重点词汇: 情感、问题、建议
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 问题:
problem,argue,instead of,communicate,get on (well) with,pressure,compete,opinion,skill - 情感:
angry,sad,nervous,worried,happy,relaxed - 建议:
talk about,work out,write down,in fact,communicate with,focus on
核心句型
- 提建议 (Why don't you...?):
Why don't you talk to your parents?(你为什么不和你父母谈谈呢?)Why not ask your teacher for help?(为什么不向老师求助呢?)Maybe you should call him up.(也许你应该给他打电话。)
- 表达观点:
I think you should...What should I do?I don't agree./I agree with you.
- 描述问题:
I have a problem./There's a problem with...I argued with my best friend.
语法重点
Why don't you...?提建议:- 这是一个非常常用的提建议的句型,相当于
You should...,但语气更委婉,更偏向于询问对方的看法。 Why don't you + 动词原形 + 其他?
- 这是一个非常常用的提建议的句型,相当于
although/though引导的让步状语从句:- 含义: 虽然,尽管,表示“虽然.....”。
- 位置:
although/though引导的从句可以放在主句前或主句后,但although不能与but连用。 - 例句:
Although he is tired, he still works hard.(虽然他很累,但他仍然努力工作。)He still works hard, though.(他仍然努力工作。)- (错误:
Although he is tired, but he still works hard.)
功能与交际
- 能够向他人寻求建议。
- 能够使用不同句型(
Why don't you...?,You should...等)给出建议。 - 能够描述自己遇到的问题并表达感受。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
主题: 过去进行时 核心语法: 过去进行时 重点词汇: 天气、突发事件、描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 天气:
rainstorm,sunny,cloudy,windy,foggy,snowy - 事件:
event,report,alarm,sudden,silence,area,reporter,west,heavily - 时间:
at the time of,when,while
核心句型
- 过去进行时:
I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night.(昨晚8点我正在做作业。)What were you doing when the rainstorm came?(暴风雨来的时候,你正在做什么?)They were having dinner when the phone rang.(电话响的时候,他们正在吃晚饭。)
语法重点:过去进行时
- 结构:
was/were + 动词-ing - 用法:
- 表示过去某个具体时间点正在发生的动作。
I was reading a book at 9 o'clock yesterday.(昨天9点我正在看书。)
- 表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。
I was staying with my grandparents last summer.(去年夏天我一直在和我的祖父母住在一起。)
- 与一般过去时的区别:
- 过去进行时:强调动作正在进行,像电影的一个片段。
- 一般过去时:强调动作已经完成,像电影的一个结果。
- 表示过去某个具体时间点正在发生的动作。
- 标志词:
- 时间点:
at 8:00,at that time,when...(从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时) - 时间段:
this morning,the whole day,from... to... yesterday
- 时间点:
功能与交际
- 能够描述过去某个特定时间点正在发生的事情。
- 能够讲述过去的故事,尤其是关于突发事件。
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
主题: 传说、故事类型、神话寓言
核心语法: unless, as soon as, so... that... 等引导的状语从句
重点词汇: 故事、人物、品质
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 故事类型:
fairy tale,folk tale,myth,legend,story,joke - 人物与品质:
once upon a time,god,remind,bit,instead of,turn into,lead,brave,strong,smart,stupid,kind,clever - 动词:
shoot,remind sb. of sth.,lead sb. to do sth.,laugh at,try to do,keep doing
核心句型
- 讲述故事:
Once upon a time, there was a...This story reminds us that...Finally, he succeeded.
- 状语从句:
unless(除非):You can't achieve anything unless you work hard.(除非你努力,否则你无法取得成就。)as soon as(一...就...):As soon as he saw the dragon, he ran away.(他一看到龙就跑开了。)so... that...(..以至于...):He was so tired that he fell asleep.(他太累了,以至于睡着了。)...until...(直到...才...):He kept trying until he succeeded.(他一直尝试,直到成功为止。)
语法重点:状语从句
unless引导的条件状语从句:unless = if... not...(除非 = 如果不...)You will fail unless you study hard.=You will fail if you don't study hard.- 时态:主句用将来时,
unless引导的从句用一般现在时表将来。
as soon as引导的时间状语从句:- 表示“一...就...”,主句和从句都遵循“主将从现”或“主过过现”的原则。
I'll call you as soon as I arrive there.(我一到那儿就给你打电话。)
so... that...引导的结果状语从句:so后面跟形容词或副词,that后面跟从句。He is so young that he can't go to school.=He is too young to go to school.
功能与交际
- 能够用英语讲述简单的神话或寓言故事。
- 能够理解故事所蕴含的道理。
Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?
主题: 地理、自然、世界之最 核心语法: 形容词和副词的最高级 重点词汇: 地理名词、形容词、测量单位
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 地理名词:
Qomolangma,Sahara,Nile,Amazon,salt lake,desert,river,sea,ocean,square,meter,deep,high,long,big - 形容词:
famous,popular,widely spoken,ancient,successful,tourist,dangerous,fascinating - 单位:
meter(s),kilometer(s),square kilometers
核心句型
- 比较级和最高级:
Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.(主系表结构,用形容词描述主语)It's higher than any other mountain in the world.(比较级)It's the highest mountain in the world.(最高级)
- 提问:
What's the highest mountain in the world?Which is the longest river in Asia?How deep is the lake?
语法重点:形容词和副词的最高级
- 构成规则:
- 单音节词和部分双音节词: 直接在词尾加
-est。tall->tallest,big->biggest,fast->fastest
- 以 -e 直接加
-st。nice->nicest,late->latest
- 以“辅音+y” 变
y为i,再加-est。happy->happiest,easy->easiest
- 重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母: 双写辅音字母,再加
-est。big->biggest,hot->hottest
- 多音节词和部分双音节词: 在词前加
most。beautiful->most beautiful,important->most important,carefully->most carefully
- 单音节词和部分双音节词: 直接在词尾加
- 用法:
- 标志词:
the + 最高级 + in/of...(在...范围内最...) one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词(最...的之一)The Amazon is one of the longest rivers in the world.(亚马逊河是世界上最长的河流之一。)
- 标志词:
- 原级、比较级、最高级对比:
as... as...(和...一样)than(比)the + 最高级(最)
功能与交际
- 能够使用形容词和副词的最高级来描述事物。
- 能够谈论地理知识和世界之最。
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
主题: 经典文学、阅读经历、现在完成时
核心语法: 现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)
重点词汇: 文学作品、阅读经历、评价
核心知识点详解
重点词汇
- 文学作品:
Treasure Island,Robinson Crusoe,Tom Sawyer,Oliver Twist,novel,classic,page,finish,full of,already,yet,just - 评价:
exciting,wonderful,fantastic,boring,meaningful,funny,interesting - 阅读:
read,finish reading,borrow,buy,lend,put down,character,plot
核心句型
- 现在完成时:
Have you read Treasure Island yet?(你已经读过《金银岛》了吗?)I've already finished it.(我已经读完了。)I haven't started it yet.(我还没开始读。)I've just put it down.(我刚刚放下它。)
- 谈论感受:
How do you like the book?/What do you think of the book?It's fantastic!/It's a little boring.
语法重点:现在完成时
- 结构:
have/has + 动词的过去分词 - 用法:
- 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have lost my key.(我把钥匙弄丢了。结果:我现在没有钥匙。)
- 表示从过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
I have lived here for ten years.(我在这里住了十年了。状态:我仍然住在这里。)
- 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
- 标志词:
already(已经),yet(还, 用于否定句和疑问句),just(刚刚)I have already seen the movie.(肯定句)Have you seen the movie yet?/I haven't seen the movie yet.(疑问句和否定句)He has just left.(刚刚)
for+ 时间段,since+ 时间点for two hours,since 2010,since last week
- 与一般过去时的区别:
- 现在完成时: 强调与现在的联系,不强调具体的时间。
- 一般过去时: 强调动作在过去某个时间发生并结束,有明确的过去时间状语(如
yesterday,last week)。I have seen the film.(我看过这部电影了,也许还记得内容。)I saw the film yesterday.(我昨天看了这部电影,是过去发生的。)
功能与交际
- 能够使用现在完成时谈论自己的阅读经历。
- 能够表达对一本书或一部电影的看法。
学习建议
- 词汇是基础: 每个单元的单词一定要背熟,特别是动词短语和形容词,可以结合例句来记忆,理解其用法。
- 语法是骨架: 八年级下册的语法(情态动词、不定式、状语从句、现在完成时等)是中考的重点和难点,一定要理解每个语法的核心概念和结构,并通过大量练习来巩固。
- 听说读写全面发展:
- 听: 多听课本录音,模仿语音语调。
- 说: 和同学练习对话,尝试用新学的句型和词汇表达自己的观点。
- 读: 阅读课本文章,尝试用英语复述故事。
- 写: 每周写一篇小短文,主题可以是单元相关的内容,如健康建议、周末计划、读后感等。
- 整理错题本: 把做错的题目抄录下来,分析错误原因,定期复习,避免再犯同样的错误。
- 建立知识网络: 学完一个单元后,尝试自己画一个思维导图,把单元内的词汇、句型、语法点串联起来,形成知识体系。
希望这份详细的总结能帮助你更好地掌握八年级下册的英语知识!加油!