人教版八上Unit4核心语法与考点有哪些？
校园之窗 2025年11月28日 07:07:54 tjadmin
这个单元的核心主题是 “谈论和比较事物”，是学生系统学习 形容词和副词的最高级 的关键单元，下面我将从 单元目标、核心知识点、课文解析、重点句型和练习建议 几个方面为你进行全面梳理。
单元目标
学完这个单元,学生应该能够：
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-
语言知识:
- 掌握并运用形容词和副词最高级的构成规则和用法。
- 掌握本单元的核心词汇，如
theater,comfortable,seat,screen,close,service,friend,fun,cinema,song,songwriter,delicious,cheap,expensive,creative,talented等。 - 学会使用
think,find,say等动词的复合宾语结构。
-
语言技能:
- 听: 能听懂关于比较不同场所（如电影院、餐厅、商店）的对话。
- 说: 能运用最高级来比较和评价三个或三个以上的事物，并给出理由。“City Cinema is the best. It has the biggest screens.”
- 读: 能读懂关于比较不同地方优缺点的短文或广告。
- 写: 能写一篇简短的段落，比较和推荐一个地方（如“我最喜欢的餐厅”）。
-
情感态度:
- 学会理性、客观地评价事物,看到不同事物的优缺点。
- 培养合作学习的精神,在小组活动中积极参与讨论。
核心知识点详解
形容词和副词的最高级
这是整个单元的重中之重。
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A. 定义： 用于在三者或三者以上的范围内进行比较，表示“最……”的含义。
B. 构成规则：
| 规则 | 原级 | 最高级 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 单音节词和少数双音节词，直接在词尾加 -est | tall (高的) | tallest | Qomolangma is the tallest mountain in the world. |
| long (长的) | longest | The Yellow River is the longest river in China. | |
| nice (好的) | nicest | This is the nicest gift I've ever received. | |
| 以 -e 结尾的词，只加 -st | fine (好的) | finest | This is the finest silk. |
| large (大的) | largest | Shanghai is one of the largest cities in China. | |
| 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加 -est | happy (快乐的) | happiest | Today is my happiest day. |
| early (早的) | earliest | He gets up the earliest in his family. | |
| 以“元音字母 + 一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -est | big (大的) | biggest | This is the biggest apple. |
| hot (热的) | hottest | Summer is the hottest season. | |
| 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加 most | beautiful (美丽的) | most beautiful | The peacock is the most beautiful bird. |
| expensive (昂贵的) | most expensive | This is the most expensive car in the shop. | |
| 不规则变化 | good/well (好的) | best | This is the best movie. |
| bad/ill (坏的) | worst | This is the worst result. | |
| many/much (多的) | most | He has the most friends in our class. | |
| little (少的) | least | He has the least money of us all. | |
| far (远的) | farthest / furthest | (farthest指距离，furthest指程度) |
C. 句型结构：
主语 + 谓语动词 + the + 最高级 + (in/of ...)
-
in + 地点/范围: 表示在某一范围内。
- Tom is the tallest in his class (汤姆在他们班里是最高的。)
- This is the best in the city (这是城里最好的。)
-
of + 人/事物: 表示在一群人或事物中。
- Tom is the tallest of the three boys (汤姆是这三个男孩中最高的。)
- This is the best of all (这是所有里面最好的。)
核心词汇与短语
| 单词/短语 | 词性 | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| theater | n. | 剧场；电影院 | Let's go to the theater tonight. |
| comfortable | adj. | 舒适的 | I have a very comfortable chair. |
| seat | n. | 座位 | This is my seat. Is it taken? |
| screen | n. | 屏幕；银幕 | The screen is too small. |
| close | adj. | 近的 | My home is close to the school. |
| service | n. | 服务；服务态度 | The service in that restaurant is excellent. |
| friend | n. | 朋友 | He is my best friend. |
| fun | n. & adj. | 有趣的；乐趣 | It's fun to play games with them. |
| cinema | n. | 电影院 | Let's meet at the cinema. |
| song | n. | 歌曲 | My favorite song is "Yesterday Once More". |
| songwriter | n. | 歌曲作者 | He is a famous songwriter. |
| delicious | adj. | 美味的 | The pizza is very delicious. |
| cheap | adj. | 便宜的 | These shoes are cheap and good. |
| expensive | adj. | 昂贵的 | A car is very expensive. |
| creative | adj. | 有创造力的 | She is a very creative student. |
| talented | adj. | 有天赋的 | He is a talented pianist. |
| worst | adj. & adv. | 最坏的（地）；最差的（地） | This is the worst movie I have ever seen. |
| talent show | n. | 才艺表演 | We are going to have a talent show. |
| all kinds of | 短语 | 各种各样的 | There are all kinds of books in the library. |
| be up to | 短语 | 取决于；由…决定 | It's up to you to decide. |
重点句型与语法结构
A. 比较事物并给出理由
- — Which is the best cinema? (哪家电影院最好？)
- — Town Cinema. It's the closest to my home. (镇电影院，它离我家最近。)
- — Which is the worst movie theater? (哪家电影院最差？)
- — Screen City. It has the most uncomfortable seats. (银幕城，它的座位最不舒服。)
结构： Which is the + 最高级 + ...? 用来提问。
... It's the + 最高级 + ... 用来回答,并给出理由。
B. 使用 "think/find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语"
这个结构用来表达对某事物的看法或感觉。
- I think Town Cinema is the best. (我认为镇电影院是最好的。)
I think(我认为) 是主句，Town Cinema is the best是宾语从句。
- I find this movie the most interesting. (我发现这部电影最有趣。)
find(发现，觉得) 后面跟宾语this movie和宾语
