七年级上册第三单元是什么内容？

Of course! Here is a detailed explanation of the 七年级上册第三单元 (Seventh Grade, Volume 1, Unit 3) from the most commonly used middle school textbook series in China, 人教版 (PEP Edition).

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Unit 3: This is my sister. (这是我的妹妹。)

This is a foundational and very practical unit for beginners. The entire unit is centered around the theme of family and friends, and it teaches students how to identify people and talk about their relationships.

Unit Topic & Core Theme

• Topic: Family and Friends
• Theme: The unit is designed to help students learn vocabulary for family members and the possessive adjectives 'my', 'your', 'his', 'her'. The primary function is to introduce people and identify who they are.

Key Vocabulary (核心词汇)

The vocabulary is split into two main categories: people and other key words.

A. People (人物)

• Family Members (家庭成员):

  • sister (姐姐/妹妹)
  • brother (哥哥/弟弟)
  • mother / mom (妈妈)
  • father / dad (爸爸)
  • parent (父亲或母亲，父母)
  • grandmother / grandma (奶奶/外婆)
  • grandfather / grandpa (爷爷/外公)
  • grandparent (祖父或祖母，祖父母)
  • family (家，家人)
  • aunt (阿姨，姑姑，婶婶等)
  • uncle (叔叔，舅舅，姑父等)
  • cousin (堂/表兄弟姐妹)

• Friends (朋友)

  
  （图片来源网络，侵删）
  • friend (朋友)
  • grandparents (祖父母，外祖父母) - Note the plural form.
  • parents (父母) - Note the plural form.

B. Other Key Words (其他核心词)

• Pronouns (代词):
  • this (这，这个)
  • that (那，那个)
  • these (这些)
  • those (那些)
• Possessive Adjectives (物主代词):
  • my (我的)
  • your (你的，你们的)
  • his (他的)
  • her (她的)
  • its (它的) - Often introduced for completeness.
• Question Words (疑问词):
  • who (谁)
  • where (哪里)
• Others (其他):
  • yes (是的)
  • no (不，不是)
  • nice (美好的)
  • to meet (遇见)
  • have (有)

Key Grammar Points (核心语法)

This unit introduces two very important grammar structures.

A. "This is / That is..." (这是/那是...)

This is the primary sentence pattern for introducing people or things.

• Affirmative Sentences (肯定句):
  • Structure: This/That + be verb (is/am/are) + ...
  • Examples:
    • This is my sister. (这是我的妹妹。)
    • That is my brother. (那是我的弟弟。)
    • This is Paul. (这是保罗。)
• Negative Sentences (否定句):
  • Structure: This/That + be verb (is/am/are) + not + ...
  • Examples:
    • This is not my book. (这不是我的书。)
    • That is not a pen. (那不是一支笔。)
    • (Note: "is not" is often contracted to isn't in spoken English, but in this unit, students usually learn the full form first.)
• Yes/No Questions (一般疑问句):
  • Structure: Be verb (Is/Are) + This/That + ...?
  • Answers:
    • Positive: Yes, it is. (是的，它是。)
    • Negative: No, it isn't. / No, it's not. (不，它不是。)
  • Examples:
    • Is this your ruler? (这是你的尺子吗？)
    • Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

B. "These are / Those are..." (这些是/那些是...)

This is the plural form of the structure above.

• Affirmative Sentences (肯定句):
  • Structure: These/Those + be verb (are) + ...
  • Examples:
    • These are my parents. (这些是我的父母。)
    • Those are his grandparents. (那些是他的祖父母。)
• Negative Sentences (否定句):
  • Structure: These/Those + be verb (are) + not + ...
  • Examples:
    • These are not my keys. (这些不是我的钥匙。)
    • Those are not her friends. (那些不是她的朋友。)
• Yes/No Questions (一般疑问句):
  • Structure: Be verb (Are) + These/Those + ...?
  • Answers:
    • Positive: Yes, they are. (是的，他们是。)
    • Negative: No, they aren't. / No, they're not. (不，他们不是。)
  • Examples:
    • Are those your cousins? (那些是你的堂/表兄弟姐妹吗？)
    • Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

Main Functions & Communication Goals (主要功能与交际目标)

By the end of this unit, students should be able to:

1. Identify people: Point to a photo and say, "This is my mother."
2. Introduce family members: Introduce their own family members to others.
3. Ask about people: Ask "Who is he/she?" or "Who are they?"
4. Answer questions about people: Respond with "He is my brother." or "They are my grandparents."
5. Distinguish singular and plural: Correctly use this is/that is for one person and these are/those are for two or more people.

Typical Lesson Structure (典型课时安排)

A unit like this is usually spread over 6 periods (课时):

• Period 1 (1a-2d): Introduction of sister, brother, mother, father, parent, grandmother, grandfather, grandparent. Learn the singular structure: This is... and That is....
• Period 2 (Grammar Focus-3a): Focus on the plural structure: These are... and Those are.... Learn vocabulary like grandparents, parents, friends.
• Period 3 (1a-2c): Introduction of possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her. Practice asking and answering questions about ownership.
• Period 4 (Grammar Focus-3c): Consolidation of all sentence patterns. Introduction of the question word who.
• Period 5 (Reading & Writing): Read a short passage about a family (e.g., "Jenny's Family") and answer comprehension questions. Practice writing sentences to describe one's own family.
• Period 6 (Self Check & Unit Test): Review all the vocabulary and grammar points of the unit and take a test to assess learning.

In summary, Unit 3 of 七年级上册 is a crucial building block. It equips students with the essential language needed to talk about their most immediate social circle, making their English learning immediately relevant and engaging.