初中英语被动语态作文如何写？

什么是被动语态？为什么要在作文中使用它？

被动语态 的核心是强调动作的承受者，而不是动作的发出者，当动作的发出者不重要、未知或不便说出时，我们通常使用被动语态。

在作文中使用被动语态的好处：

1. 客观正式：被动语态常用于新闻报道、科学报告和说明性文章中，使文章显得更客观、更正式。
2. 突出重点：当你想强调某个事物（如“环境”、“我们的校园”）被做了什么时，被动语态是最好的选择。
3. 避免使用“人”作主语：当不知道是谁做的，或者不想指明是谁做的，可以用被动语态来避免使用“we”或“people”等词。

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被动语态的基本结构

be + 动词的过去分词

• am / is / are + 动词过去分词 (用于一般现在时)
• was / were + 动词过去分词 (用于一般过去时)
• will be + 动词过去分词 (用于一般将来时)
• can / should / must be + 动词过去分词 (用于情态动词)

举例：

• 主动：People clean our school every day.
• 被动：Our school is cleaned (by people) every day. (我们的学校每天都被打扫。)

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范文示例与解析

这里提供两个不同主题的范文,并标注出被动语态的用法，方便你理解。

范文 1：关于环境保护 (Our Environment Needs Our Help)

** Our Environment Needs Our Help (我们的环境需要帮助)

范文：

Our environment is becoming more and more serious. A lot of problems can be seen everywhere. First, many trees are cut down every year. As a result, animals lose their homes. Second, our rivers and lakes are polluted by factories. The dirty water is harmful to fish and plants. Third, too much rubbish is thrown away by people, and our streets are made dirty.

However, things can be changed if we take action. More trees should be planted to make our world greener. Rubbish should be thrown into the dustbins, and our environment can be kept clean. In a word, our beautiful home must be protected by everyone of us.

【被动语态解析】

1. A lot of problems can be seen everywhere. (到处都能看到很多问题。)
   • 解析：强调“问题”被看到，而不是“谁”看到了问题。can be seen 是情态动词的被动语态。
2. many trees are cut down every year. (每年很多树都被砍伐。)
   • 解析：强调“树”是“被砍伐”的，而不是“谁”在砍伐。are cut down 是一般现在时的被动语态。
3. our rivers and lakes are polluted by factories. (我们的河流和湖泊被工厂污染。)
   • 解析：强调“河流和湖泊”是“被污染”的，发出者“工厂”用 by 引出。are polluted 是一般现在时的被动语态。
4. The dirty water is harmful to... (脏水对……有害。)
   • 解析：be harmful to 是一个固定的被动用法，表示“对……有害”。
5. too much rubbish is thrown away by people... (太多垃圾被人们扔掉……)
   • 解析：强调“垃圾”是“被扔掉”的。is thrown away 是一般现在时的被动语态。
6. our streets are made dirty. (我们的街道变脏了。)
   • 解析：be made + 形容词 是一个常见的被动结构，表示“被弄得如何”。are made dirty 意为“被弄得脏兮兮的”。
7. More trees should be planted... (应该种更多的树。)
   • 解析：提出建议，使用 should be + 过去分词 结构，表示“应该被……”。should be planted 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
8. our environment can be kept clean. (我们的环境可以被保持干净。)
   • 解析：强调“环境”可以被“保持干净”。can be kept 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
9. our beautiful home must be protected by everyone of us. (我们美丽的家园必须被我们每个人保护。)
   • 解析：提出一种必要性，使用 must be + 过去分词 结构。must be protected 是含有情态动词的被动语态。

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范文 2：关于校园规则 (School Rules)

** The Importance of Following School Rules (遵守校规的重要性)

范文：

There are many rules in our school, and they are made to help us study and live better. First, school uniforms must be worn on weekdays. This rule is helpful because it can make us feel equal. Second, homework should be finished on time. If it isn't handed in, the teacher will be disappointed. Third, mobile phones are not allowed to be used in class. They must be kept in our schoolbags.

Some students may think these rules are too strict, but in fact, they are for our own good. A good learning environment can be created by following them. A better future can be built by starting with good habits now. So, let's follow the rules and make our school a better place.

【被动语态解析】

1. they are made to help us... (它们被制定来帮助我们……)
   • 解析：强调“规则”是被“制定”的。are made 是一般现在时的被动语态。
2. School uniforms must be worn on weekdays. (校服必须在上学日被穿着。)
   • 解析：提出规定，使用 must be + 过去分词 结构。must be worn 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
3. This rule is helpful because... (这条规则是有帮助的，因为……)
   • 解析：be + 形容词 结构，这里表示“规则是有帮助的”。
4. homework should be finished on time. (作业应该被按时完成。)
   • 解析：提出要求或建议，使用 should be + 过去分词 结构。should be finished 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
5. the teacher will be disappointed. (老师会感到失望。)
   • 解析：be + 形容词 结构，表示主语（老师）所处的状态。
6. mobile phones are not allowed to be used in class. (手机不被允许在课堂上使用。)
   • 解析：be allowed to do sth. 是一个非常重要的被动结构，表示“被允许做某事”。
7. They must be kept in our schoolbags. (它们必须被放在书包里。)
   • 解析：再次使用 must be + 过去分词 结构。must be kept 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
8. A good learning environment can be created by following them. (通过遵守它们，一个好的学习环境可以被创造出来。)
   • 解析：强调“学习环境”是“被创造”的，发出者“by following them”放在句末。can be created 是含有情态动词的被动语态。
9. A better future can be built by starting with good habits now. (现在从好习惯开始，一个更好的未来可以被建立。)
   • 解析：强调“是“被建立”的。can be built 是含有情态动词的被动语态。

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作文中常用的被动语态句式

1. 提出观点/事实:

   • It is known that... (众所周知……)
   • It is believed that... (人们相信……)
   • It is reported that... (据报道……)
   • ...is considered as... (……被认为是……)
   • ...is regarded as... (……被看作是……)

2. 提出规定/要求:

   • ...must be done. (……必须被完成。)
   • ...should be done. (……应该被完成。)
   • ...is not allowed to be done. (……不被允许被做。)
   • ...is required to be done. (……被要求被完成。)

3. 表示变化或状态:

   • ...is made + 形容词 (...被弄得……)
   • ...is kept + 形容词 (...被保持……)
   • ...is becoming + 形容词 (...正变得……)
   • ...is covered with... (...被……覆盖。)

4. 提出建议/措施:

   • Something should be done to... (应该采取措施来……)
   • More attention should be paid to... (应该给予更多关注于……)
   • Something must be done to change the situation. (必须采取措施改变现状。)

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写作练习

试着用被动语态完成下面的短文,每空填一个合适的词。

Topic: How to Protect Our Eyes

Nowadays, too much homework is given to us students. As a result, our eyes are in great danger. First of all, enough light (need) when we read or write. If the light is too dark, our eyes (hurt) easily. Second, we should not read for a long time without a break. Our eyes (need) to have a rest every 30 minutes. Finally, doing eye exercises every day (suggest) by many doctors. It is said that our eyesight ___ (improve) by doing them regularly. Let's take good care of our eyes, because they are the windows of our soul.

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【答案】

1. is needed
2. can be hurt / will be hurt
3. need
4. is suggested
5. can be improved / will be improved

希望这份指南对你有帮助！多读多练，你一定能熟练掌握被动语态，并在作文中灵活运用它！