八年级下册英语单词第一单元有哪些?
校园之窗 2025年12月6日 17:25:36 99ANYc3cd6
What's the matter?
单元主题: 身体健康与问题 (Health and Problems) 核心功能: 描述身体不适,提出建议,表达关心。
核心词汇表
Part 1: 身体部位与问题
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 中文释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| matter | /ˈmætə(r)/ | n. & v. | 事情;问题;要紧 | What's the matter? 你怎么了? |
| sore | /sɔː(r)/ | adj. | 疼痛的;酸痛的 | I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。 |
| throat | /θrəʊt/ | n. | 喉咙 | You should drink some hot tea. 你应该喝些热茶。 |
| stomachache | /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ | n. | 胃痛;肚子痛 | I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。 |
| have a cold | /hæv ə kəʊld/ | 短语 | 感冒 | He has a cold, so he can't come. 他感冒了,所以不能来。 |
| have a fever | /hæv ə ˈfiːvə(r)/ | 短语 | 发烧 | She has a fever. 她发烧了。 |
| have a cough | /hæv ə kɒf/ | 短语 | 咳嗽 | The baby has a cough. 婴儿咳嗽了。 |
| lie | /laɪ/ | v. | 躺;平躺 | You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。 |
| rest | /rest/ | v. & n. | 休息;放松 | You need to have a good rest. 你需要好好休息一下。 |
| hurt | /hɜːt/ | v. & n. | 疼痛;受伤 | My head hurts. 我头疼。 / That hurt! 那好疼! |
| X-ray | /ˈeksreɪ/ | n. | X光片 | The doctor wants to take an X-ray. 医生想拍一张X光片。 |
| passenger | /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ | n. | 乘客;旅客 | There are many passengers on the bus. 公交车上有很多乘客。 |
| trouble | /ˈtrʌbl/ | n. & v. | 问题;麻烦;忧虑 | What's the trouble? 怎么了?/ I'm in trouble. 我遇到麻烦了。 |
| hit | /hɪt/ | v. & n. | 打;击中;撞 | He hit his head on the door. 他的头撞到了门上。 |
| ate | /et/ | v. (eat的过去式) | 吃 | He ate too much for dinner. 他晚饭吃得太多了。 |
| sofa | /ˈsəʊfə/ | n. | 沙发 | He is sleeping on the sofa. 他正在沙发上睡觉。 |
| get off | /ɡet ɒf/ | 短语 | 下(车);离开 | Get off the bus at the next stop. 在下一站下公交车。 |
| to one's surprise | /tu wʌnz səˈpraɪz/ | 短语 | 令某人惊讶的是 | To my surprise, he passed the exam. 令我惊讶的是,他通过了考试。 |
| onto | /ˈɒntuː/ | prep. | 到...上面 | He jumped onto the horse. 他跳到了马背上。 |
| heat | /hiːt/ | n. & v. | 热;加热 | The sun gives us heat. 太阳给我们热量。 / Heat the soup, please. 请把汤热一下。 |
| honey | /ˈhʌni/ | n. | 蜂蜜 | A spoonful of honey helps the medicine go down. 一勺蜂蜜能让药更容易下咽。 |
| balance | /ˈbæləns/ | n. & v. | 平衡;天平 | You must keep your balance. 你必须保持平衡。 |
| palace | /ˈpæləs/ | n. | 宫殿 | We visited the Forbidden City in Beijing. 我们参观了北京的故宫。 |
| neck | /nek/ | n. | 脖子 | I have a pain in my neck. 我脖子疼。 |
| breathe | /briːð/ | v. | 呼吸 | Take a deep breath. 深呼吸。 |
| control | /kənˈtrəʊl/ | v. & n. | 控制 | You should control your anger. 你应该控制你的愤怒。 |
| be used to | /biː ˈjuːst tuː/ | 短语 | 习惯于 | I am used to getting up early. 我习惯于早起。 |
| in control of | /ɪn kənˈtrəʊl ɒv/ | 短语 | 掌管;负责 | Who is in control of this project? 谁负责这个项目? |
| risk | /rɪsk/ | n. & v. | 风险;冒险 | Don't risk your life. 不要拿你的生命冒险。 |
| take risks | /teɪk rɪsks/ | 短语 | 冒险 | You shouldn't take risks. 你不应该冒险。 |
| put one's hands up | /pʊt wʌnz hændz ʌp/ | 短语 | 举手 | If you know the answer, please put your hand up. 如果你知道答案,请举手。 |
| between | /bɪˈtwiːn/ | prep. | 在...之间(两者之间) | The secret is just between you and me. 这个秘密只属于你我之间。 |
| giraffe | /dʒəˈrɑːf/ | n. | 长颈鹿 | The giraffe has a very long neck. 长颈鹿有很长的脖子。 |
| illness | /ˈɪlnəs/ | n. | 疾病;病 | He was absent from school because of illness. 他因病缺课了。 |
| herself | /hɜːˈself/ | pron. | 她自己 | She hurt herself while playing basketball. 她在打篮球时伤了自己。 |
| ourselves | /ˌaʊəˈselvz/ | pron. | 我们自己 | We should take care of ourselves. 我们应该照顾好自己。 |
| themselves | /ðəmˈselvz/ | pron. | 他们自己;她们自己;它们自己 | The students taught themselves. 学生们自学了。 |
| patient | /ˈpeɪʃnt/ | n. & adj. | 病人;耐心的 | The patient is very ill. 这个病人病得很重。/ Be patient! 耐心点! |
| XCT scan | /ˌeks siː ˈtiː skæn/ | n. | CT扫描 | The doctor ordered an CT scan. 医生开了一个CT扫描单。 |
| knee | /niː/ | n. | 膝盖 | He fell down and hurt his knee. 他摔倒了,伤到了膝盖。 |
| nosebleed | /ˈnəʊzblɪːd/ | n. | 鼻出血 | I have a nosebleed. 我流鼻血了。 |
| breathe in | /briːð ɪn/ | 短语 | 吸入 | Be careful not to breathe in the smoke. 小心不要吸入烟雾。 |
| sunburned | /ˈsʌnbɜːnd/ | adj. | 晒伤的 | My skin is sunburned. 我的皮肤晒伤了。 |
| ours | /ˈaʊəz/ | pron. | 我们的(东西) | This book is ours. 这本书是我们的。 |
| theirs | /ðeəz/ | pron. | 他们的(东西) | That house is theirs. 那座房子是他们的。 |
| temperature | /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ | n. | 温度;体温 | I have a high temperature. 我发高烧了。 |
| middle | /ˈmɪdl/ | n. & adj. | 中间;中部的 | He sat in the middle of the room. 他坐在房间中间。 |
| mind | /maɪnd/ | n. & v. | 头脑;想法;介意 | Do you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗? |
| rest | /rest/ | n. | 其余的人(或物) | Some students are in the classroom, the rest are on the playground. 一些学生在教室里,其余的在操场上。 |
| hers | /hɜːz/ | pron. | 她的(东西) | That bag is hers. 那个包是她的。 |
| bite | /baɪt/ | v. & n. (bit, bitten) | 咬;叮 | The dog bit me. 那只狗咬了我。/ That's a mosquito bite. 那是个蚊子包。 |
| cut | /kʌt/ | v. & n. (cut, cut) | 切;割;伤口 | He cut his finger with a knife. 他用刀割伤了手指。 |
| important | /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ | adj. | 重要的 | Health is important. 健康很重要。 |
| decision | /dɪˈsɪʒn/ | n. | 决定;抉择 | It's a big decision. 这是一个重大的决定。 |
| control oneself | /kənˈtrəʊl wʌnˈself/ | 短语 | 自制;控制自己 | You must learn to control yourself. 你必须学会控制自己。 |
| get into trouble | /ɡet ˈɪntuː ˈtrʌbl/ | 短语 | 惹上麻烦 | If you are late, you will get into trouble. 如果你迟到,就会惹上麻烦。 |
| be in control of | /biː ɪn kənˈtrəʊl ɒv/ | 短语 | 掌管;负责 | She is in control of the sales department. 她负责销售部。 |
| give up | /ɡɪv ʌp/ | 短语 | 放弃 | Don't give up easily. 不要轻易放弃。 |
| instead of | /ɪnˈsted ɒv/ | 短语 | 代替;而不是 | He went to the park instead of school. 他去了公园而不是去上学。 |
重点短语和句型
-
What's the matter (with you)? / What's wrong (with you)?
(图片来源网络,侵删)- 你怎么了?
- 回答:
I have a + 身体部位 + ache/sore.或I have a + 疾病.(e.g., I have a headache. / I have a cold.)
-
should / shouldn't + 动词原形
- 用于提出建议。
- 例句:
- You should lie down and rest. (你应该躺下休息。)
- He shouldn't eat anything for 2 hours. (他两小时内不应该吃任何东西。)
-
It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
- 对某人来说做某事是...
- 例句: It's important for us to stay healthy. (保持健康对我们来说很重要。)
-
be used to (doing) sth.
- 习惯于(做)某事。
- 例句: I am used to getting up early. (我习惯早起。)
-
It's + adj. + that + 从句
(图片来源网络,侵删)- ...是...的。
- 例句: It's surprising that he is still alive. (他仍然活着,真令人惊讶。)
学习建议
- 分类记忆: 将单词按照“身体部位”、“疾病症状”、“建议措施”等类别进行整理,有助于系统记忆。
- 情景应用: 围绕“看医生”或“同学身体不适”的场景,自己编对话或小故事来使用这些单词和句型。
- 音标辅助: 注意单词的发音,特别是
th(/θ/ 或 /ð/)、r等容易出错的音。 - 词性转换: 注意单词的不同词性,如
hurt(v./n.),rest(v./n.),control(v./n.),并掌握其用法。
希望这份详细的单词表对你的学习有帮助!加油!

(图片来源网络,侵删)