英语夹叙夹议作文如何叙议结合？

什么是“夹叙夹议”？

“夹叙夹议”顾名思义，就是叙事和议论穿插进行、有机结合的一种写作方式。

• 叙事: 讲述一个故事、一件事情、一个经历或一个场景，这部分是文章的“肉”，提供具体、生动的细节和背景，它回答了 "What happened?" (发生了什么？)
• 议论文: 表达作者对所叙述内容的观点、看法、分析、评价或感悟，这部分是文章的“魂”，提炼事件的意义，升华主题，它回答了 "What does it mean?" (这说明了什么？) 和 "Why is it important?" (为什么重要？)

核心要点： 叙议不能简单割裂，叙事为议论服务，议论则让叙事更有深度，两者应像水乳交融一样,自然地结合在一起。

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夹叙夹议作文的结构

一篇优秀的夹叙夹议作文通常遵循一个清晰的结构，我们可以将其比作“汉堡包”结构：

1. 上层面包 - 引言:

   • 功能： 提出主题，引出故事，可以用一个普遍现象、一句名言、一个设问或一个简短的场景开头。
   • 简明扼要地说明你将要讲述什么类型的故事,并暗示你将从这个故事中引出什么样的观点或感悟。

2. 中间的肉和蔬菜 - 叙述与议论的交织:

   • 这是文章的核心部分。 叙事和议论在这里交替出现,层层递进。
   • 基本模式： 讲述一部分故事 -> 引出一段议论 -> 再讲述一部分故事 -> 再引出一段更深层次的议论…… 如此循环往复。
   • 叙事部分： 要有重点，不要流水账，只选择与主题最相关的细节来描写，如人物的动作、语言、神态和心理活动，以及环境等,让读者身临其境。
   • 议论部分： 议论必须紧随叙事，是对刚刚讲述内容的即时反应和思考，它可以是分析原因、阐述影响、表达个人感悟、联系社会现实或引申出更普遍的道理。

3. 下层面包 -

   
   （图片来源网络，侵删）
   • 功能： 总结全文,升华主题。
   • 再次点明你的核心观点，可以简要回顾故事中最关键的部分，并将故事的意义升华到人生、社会或价值观的层面,给读者留下深刻印象或启发。

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写作技巧与常用句型

如何自然地过渡？

过渡是夹叙夹议的难点，也是关键,以下是几种常见的过渡方式：

A. 从叙事转向议论

• 使用过渡词/短语：
  • What truly impressed me was... (真正让我印象深刻的是……)
  • This experience made me realize that... (这个经历让我意识到……)
  • It was at that moment I understood... (就在那一刻，我明白了……)
  • Looking back, I can see now that... (回望过去，我现在才明白……)
  • This small incident, however, carries a profound meaning. (这件小事却蕴含着深刻的道理。)
• 使用设问句引出思考：
  • Why did he say that? What was he really thinking? (他为什么那么说？他到底在想什么？)
  • Have you ever wondered what makes a person truly successful? (你是否曾思考过，是什么让一个人真正成功？)

B. 从议论转向叙事

• 使用举例说明：
  • A vivid example comes to mind. (一个生动的例子浮现在我脑海。)
  • This can be best illustrated by a story of my own. (一个我自己的故事可以最好地说明这一点。)
  • To better understand this concept, let me tell you about... (为了更好地理解这个概念，让我来告诉你……)
  • Just think about the time when... (想想……那个时候吧。)

叙事部分的描写技巧

• 感官描写: 视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉、味觉。
  • Instead of: "The room was messy."
  • Try: "Clothes were strewn all over the floor, and the faint smell of yesterday's meal still lingered in the air."
• 动作描写: 用生动的动词展现人物行为。
  • Instead of: "He walked to the table."
  • Try: "He shuffled reluctantly towards the table, his shoulders slumped in defeat."
• 心理描写: 展示人物的内心世界。
  • Instead of: "I was nervous."
  • Try: "My heart was pounding like a drum, and my palms were sweating profusely."

议论部分的常用表达

• 表达观点:
  • From my perspective, ... (在我看来……)
  • As far as I am concerned, ... (就我而言……)
  • I am convinced that ... (我坚信……)
  • The underlying message here is that ... (这里蕴含的深层信息是……)
• 分析原因/影响:
  • The primary reason for this is that ... (其主要原因是……)
  • This experience had a profound impact on my outlook on life. (这段经历对我的人生观产生了深远的影响。)
• 引出普遍道理:
  • This is a lesson that applies to all of us. (这是一个我们所有人都适用的教训。)
  • It goes to show that ... (这表明……)
  • This story is a testament to the power of ... (这个故事证明了……的力量。)

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范文示例

Topic: The Power of Small Acts of Kindness

(引言 - 提出主题) In our fast-paced world, we often overlook the power of small, seemingly insignificant actions. We chase grand achievements and momentous events, forgetting that some of life's most profound lessons are taught through the simplest gestures of kindness. I learned this lesson vividly through an experience I had last winter.

(叙事与议论交织 - Part 1) It was a freezing evening, and I was rushing to catch the last subway home. The wind cut through my coat like a knife, and my hands were numb. As I hurried down the street, I saw an elderly man struggling to carry two heavy grocery bags. He was slipping on the icy pavement, his face etched with pain and exhaustion. For a moment, I hesitated. I was in a hurry and thought to myself, "It's none of my business." But then, something stopped me. (Transition from thought to action)

I walked over and asked, "Sir, do you need some help?" He looked up, his eyes filled with a mixture of surprise and gratitude. "Oh, yes, thank you so much," he replied, his voice trembling slightly. I took one of the bags, and together, we slowly made our way to his apartment. Inside his warm, modest home, he insisted on making me a cup of hot tea. As we sat and talked, he told me stories of his past, his loneliness, and how a simple act of kindness could make an old man's day. (Transition from narrative to reflection) This small act of helping an old man not only warmed his body but also his heart. It made me realize that kindness is not about grand gestures; it's about being present and aware of the needs of others around us. In that moment, I wasn't just carrying a bag; I was carrying a burden for someone else, and in doing so, I lightened my own spirit. (Transition to a deeper point) It goes to show that a moment of selflessness can have a ripple effect. The warmth I felt that evening was far greater than any physical comfort. It was a warmth of connection, of humanity. This experience taught me that we all have the power to be a source of light in someone else's darkness, and it doesn't require any special talent or resources—only a willing heart.

(- 升华主题) In conclusion, while we strive for big goals in life, we must never underestimate the impact of small acts of kindness. They are the threads that weave the fabric of a compassionate society. My encounter with the elderly man was a powerful reminder that in giving, we receive, and that the simplest gestures often leave the most lasting imprints on our hearts. Let us all strive to be the kind of person who makes someone's day a little brighter, one small act at a time.

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练习建议

1. 从身边小事写起： 选择一个你亲身经历或观察到的具体事件，比如一次与朋友的争吵、一次帮助他人的经历、一次失败或成功的尝试。
2. 先列提纲： 在动笔前，先用简单的中文或英文列出故事的关键情节，以及每个情节后你想表达的观点,确保叙事和议论是交替出现的。
3. 多读范文： 阅读优秀的夹叙夹议范文，学习作者是如何组织材料、如何过渡、如何议论的。
4. 刻意练习过渡句： 专门练习写从“叙”到“议”和从“议”到“叙”的过渡句,直到运用自如。
5. 注重修改： 写完后，检查你的文章是否做到了“叙”与“议”的有机结合，议论是否深刻,过渡是否自然。

希望这份详细的指南能帮助你掌握英语夹叙夹议作文的写作技巧！