七年级期末试卷难度如何？考点侧重哪些方面？

校园之窗 2026年1月22日 08:23:41 99ANYc3cd6 1 0

七年级期末考试模拟测试卷

（满分：各科100分，总分300分考试时间：120分钟）

语文试卷

（满分：100分考试时间：90分钟）

积累与运用（共25分）

下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）（3分） A. 粗犷（guǎng）着落（zháo）倜傥（tǎng）人声鼎沸（dǐng） B. 憔悴（jiāo）匿笑（nì）倜傥（tǎng）人声鼎沸（dǐng） C. 粗犷（guǎng）着落（zhuó）匿笑（nì）人声鼎沸（fèi） D. 憔悴（qiáo）匿笑（nì）倜傥（tǎng）人声鼎沸（dǐng）
下列词语书写没有错别字的一项是（）（3分） A. 疲倦不堪花团锦簇混为一谈 B. 人迹罕至搏学多识浑为一谈 C. 截然不同美不盛收截然不同 D. 众目睽睽众目睽睽众目睽睽
古诗文默写。（共10分，每空1分） （1）潮平两岸阔，____。（王湾《次北固山下》）（2）____，却话巴山夜雨时。（李商隐《夜雨寄北》）（3）我寄愁心与明月，____。（李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》）（4）____，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。（马致远《天净沙·秋思》）（5）论语》中，强调“学”与“思”辩证关系的句子是：____，____。（6）诸葛亮在《诫子书》中，用“____，____”两句，概括了宁静专一才能修养身心、实现远大目标的道理。
综合性学习。（共9分） 学校正在开展“我的语文生活”主题活动，请你参与并完成以下任务。（1）【网络新词】请写出两个你认为最有活力的网络新词，并解释其中一个的含义。（3分）新词：____、____ 解释：____

（2）【对联欣赏】请为学校的图书馆写一副对联，要求体现读书的乐趣或益处。（4分）上联：____ 下联：____

（3）【口语交际】你的同桌小明沉迷于网络游戏，成绩有所下滑，你打算如何劝说他？（2分，至少说两点理由）

阅读理解（共35分）

（一）阅读下面的文言文，完成5-8题。（共12分）

《<论语>十二章》节选

子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”

曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”

子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”

子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”

解释下列加点词在句中的意思。（4分） （1）不亦说乎：____ （2）与朋友交而不信乎：____ （3）温故而知新：____ （4）思而不学则殆：____
将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。（4分） （1）人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？

（2）学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
“吾日三省吾身”中的“三”是实指吗？请谈谈你的理解。（2分）
请结合选文内容，谈谈你对“学习”的理解。（2分）

（二）阅读下面的记叙文，完成9-13题。（共23分）

那盏灯

那是一个冬天的夜晚,风很大，雪也很大，我因为贪玩，回家时已是深夜，小巷里静悄悄的，只有我的脚步声在空旷中回响。

走到巷子中间,我忽然发现前方有一盏昏黄的灯，那是一盏老旧的煤油灯，灯焰在寒风中摇曳，却像一只温暖的手，为我驱散了前路的黑暗和寒冷，我加快脚步，想早点儿走到那盏灯下取暖。

走近了,我才看清，那盏灯放在一位老奶奶的窗台上，老奶奶正坐在窗边，戴着老花镜，手里拿着一双鞋底，一针一线地纳着，看到我，她抬起头，露出了慈祥的笑容，说：“孩子，天这么晚了，快进来暖和暖和吧。”

我有些不好意思地摇了摇头,老奶奶似乎看穿了我的心思，又说：“没关系，我就是睡不着，纳纳鞋底，这灯亮着，也能给晚归的人照个亮儿，免得他们摔着。”

我的心里涌起一股暖流,在这寒冷的冬夜，这位素不相识的老奶奶，用一盏小小的煤油灯，温暖了一个陌生人的心，我站在灯下，看着老奶奶专注的神情，看着那跳动的火焰，觉得整个世界都明亮了起来。

从那以后,每当我走过那条小巷，我都会想起那盏灯，想起那位老奶奶，那盏灯，不仅照亮了回家的路，更照亮了我的心，它让我明白，温暖是可以传递的，善良是可以发光的。

请用简洁的语言概括本文的主要内容。（3分）
环境描写在文中起到了什么作用？请结合第一段内容进行分析。（4分）
文中老奶奶说“这灯亮着，也能给晚归的人照个亮儿，免得他们摔着”，这句话表现了老奶奶怎样的品质？（4分）
请从修辞手法的角度，赏析文中画线的句子。（4分） 那盏灯……却像一只温暖的手，为我驱散了前路的黑暗和寒冷。
文章结尾说“那盏灯，不仅照亮了回家的路，更照亮了我的心”，请谈谈你对这句话的理解。（4分）
在生活中，你是否也遇到过类似“那盏灯”一样的人或事？请简要叙述。（4分）

作文（共40分）

题目：那一次，我长大了

要求：抄写在作文纸上。（2）除诗歌外，文体不限。（3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名。（4）不少于600字。

数学试卷

（满分：100分考试时间：90分钟）

选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）

-2的相反数是（） A. 2 B. -2 C. 1/2 D. -1/2
下列计算正确的是（） A. a² + a³ = a⁵ B. a² · a³ = a⁶ C. (a²)³ = a⁶ D. (a + b)² = a² + b²
用科学记数法表示1300000,正确的是（） A. 1.3 × 10⁶ B. 13 × 10⁵ C. 0.13 × 10⁷ D. 1.3 × 10⁵
下列图形中,是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（） A. 平行四边形 B. 矩形 C. 菱形 D. 等腰三角形
不等式组的解集在数轴上表示正确的是（）
一个不透明的袋子中装有5个红球和3个白球,这些球除颜色外其他完全相同，从中随机摸出一个球，摸到红球的概率是（） A. 3/8 B. 5/8 C. 1/2 D. 1
已知a,b，c是△ABC的三边长，则下列能构成直角三角形的是（） A. a=1, b=2, c=3 B. a=2, b=3, c=4 C. a=3, b=4, c=5 D. a=4, b=5, c=6
一次函数y = -2x + 3的图象不经过的象限是（） A. 第一象限 B. 第二象限 C. 第三象限 D. 第四象限
如图,AB是⊙O的直径，点C在⊙O上，若∠AOC = 50°，则∠B的度数为（）

A. 25° B. 40° C. 50° D. 65°
一个多边形的内角和是它的外角和的2倍,则这个多边形是（） A. 三角形 B. 四边形 C. 五边形 D. 六边形

填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）

计算：| -3 | + (1/2)⁻¹ = ____.
因式分解：ax² - 4ay = ____.
已知点P(3, -4)关于x轴的对称点P'的坐标是 ____.
如图,在△ABC中，DE∥BC，AD = 2，DB = 3，则DE/BC = ____. （第14题图）
一个样本数据为：1, 2, 3, 4, 5，则该样本的方差是 ____.
一个圆锥的底面半径为3,高为4，则这个圆锥的侧面积为 ____.（结果保留π）

解答题（本大题共6小题，共52分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）

（本题满分8分）计算： ( -1 )²⁰²³ + (π - 3.14)⁰ - 2cos60° + | 1 - √2 |
（本题满分8分）先化简，再求值： (a + 2)² - (a + 1)(a - 1)，其中a = -1.
（本题满分8分）解分式方程： 2/x - 1 = 3/x + 1.
（本题满分8分）如图，在△ABC中，AB = AC，D是BC边上的中点，连接AD. （1）求证：△ABD ≌ △ACD；（2）若∠B = 40°，求∠BAD的度数. （第20题图）
（本题满分10分）某商店销售A、B两种商品，A种商品每件进价为40元，售价为50元；B种商品每件进价为60元，售价为80元.该商店准备用不超过3000元的资金购进A、B两种商品共50件，其中A种商品至少购进20件. （1）该商店有哪几种进货方案？（2）若销售完这50件商品，如何进货才能使利润最大？最大利润是多少？
（本题满分10分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，一次函数y = kx + b的图象与x轴、y轴分别交于A、B两点，与反比例函数y = m/x (x > 0)的图象交于点C(3, 4). （1）求一次函数和反比例函数的表达式；（2）根据图象，直接写出当x在什么范围内时，一次函数的值大于反比例函数的值. （第22题图）

英语试卷

（满分：100分考试时间：90分钟）

单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）

— What's __ matter with you? — I have __ toothache. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
— __ do you go to the movies? — Once a month. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon
— Must I finish my homework now? — No, you __. You can do it after supper. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't
My father is very busy, so he __ has free time on weekends. A. always B. usually C. often D. seldom
— I'm sorry I __ your cup just now. — It doesn't matter. A. break B. broke C. have broken D. will break
The book is __ interesting __ I want to read it again. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. such; that
— __ weather it is! Let's go hiking. — Good idea! A. What a fine B. What fine C. How fine D. How a fine
This is the best hotel __ I have ever stayed in. A. which B. that C. where D. what
— Could you please tell me __? — Sure. It's next to the post office. A. where is the library B. where the library is C. how can I get to the library D. how I can get to the library
The teacher asked us __ so much noise. A. don't make B. not to make C. not make D. to not make
— I called you at 8:00 last night, but nobody answered. — Oh, I __ a shower at that time. A. was taking B. took C. am taking D. take
— Would you mind opening the window? — __. It's too hot here. A. Not at all B. Yes, please C. Of course D. You're welcome
— I failed the math exam again. — __. Work harder and you'll make it. A. That's all right B. I'm sorry to hear that C. Don't worry D. You're welcome
— What __ your sister like? — She is tall and thin. A. is B. does C. do D. are
The old man lives __, but he never feels __. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely

完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Last Sunday, I went to the old people's home with my classmates. We wanted to 16 the old people there.

When we arrived, the old people were very happy to see us. We 17 some songs and told them some funny stories. They laughed 18 . An old grandma held my hand and said, "You are just like my grandchildren. It's so nice to have you here."

Then we helped them clean their rooms and 19 some flowers. We also chatted with them. I learned that many of them 20 their children far away. They feel lonely sometimes. 21 , our visit brought them a lot of joy.

Before we left, they thanked us again and again. I felt very 22 . Helping others makes me happy. I think we should often visit the old people's home. It's a good way to show our love and 23 . It's also a good chance for us to learn 24 to care for others. I will never 25 this meaningful experience.

A. cheer up B. look up C. give up D. pick up
A. sang B. bought C. wrote D. drew
A. loudly B. quietly C. sadly D. angrily
A. watered B. planted C. picked D. sold
A. lives B. lived C. live D. are living
A. But B. So C. Because D. However
A. tired B. bored C. warm D. worried
A. money B. time C. kindness D. knowledge
A. what B. how C. when D. where
A. forget B. remember C. like D. need

阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）

A new study from the University of California shows that people who often eat a certain kind of food may have a better memory. This food is blueberry.

The study included 86 people over 50 years old. They were divided into two groups. One group ate a cup of blueberries every day for 12 weeks. The other group didn't eat any blueberries. After 12 weeks, the researchers found that the group who ate blueberries did much better in memory tests than the other group.

Why are blueberries so good for our memory? Scientists say it's because blueberries are rich in antioxidants (抗氧化剂). Antioxidants can help protect our brain cells from damage.

So, if you want to have a good memory, maybe you can eat some blueberries every day.

What is the new study mainly about? A. How to live a healthy life. B. The connection between blueberries and memory. C. The importance of eating fruit every day. D. The best food for old people.
How many people were in the study? A. 50. B. 86. C. 12. D. 43.
What did the group that ate blueberries do every day? A. They took memory tests. B. They ate a cup of blueberries. C. They did some exercise. D. They drank some juice.
Why are blueberries good for memory? A. Because they are sweet. B. Because they are rich in antioxidants. C. Because they are cheap. D. Because they are blue.
What can we learn from the passage? A. Blueberries are the only food that can improve memory. B. Eating blueberries can make you younger. C. Eating blueberries may help improve memory. D. People over 50 should only eat blueberries.

Here is some information about four museums.

Science Museum

Address: 88 King's Road
Opening Hours: 9:00 am - 5:00 pm (Monday to Friday)
Special Exhibition: Robots and the Future (until the end of this month)
Ticket Price: Adults $15, Children $8

Art Museum

Address: 120 Queen Street
Opening Hours: 10:00 am - 6:00 pm (Every day)
Special Exhibition: Modern Chinese Paintings
Ticket Price: Adults $20, Children $10

History Museum

Address: 200 Park Road
Opening Hours: 9:00 am - 4:30 pm (Tuesday to Sunday, Closed on Monday)
Special Exhibition: The Life of Ancient People
Ticket Price: Adults $12, Children $6

Nature Museum

Address: 300 Forest Road
Opening Hours: 8:30 am - 4:00 pm (Every day)
Special Exhibition: Butterflies from Around the World
Ticket Price: Adults $18, Children $9

If you want to see robots, which museum should you go to? A. Science Museum. B. Art Museum. C. History Museum. D. Nature Museum.
How long is the Science Museum open on Wednesday? A. 8 hours. B. 9 hours. C. 7 hours. D. 8.5 hours.
Where can you see the exhibition "Modern Chinese Paintings"? A. 88 King's Road. B. 120 Queen Street. C. 200 Park Road. D. 300 Forest Road.
Mr. and Mrs. Smith want to visit the History Museum with their 8-year-old son. How much will they pay for the tickets? A. $12. B. $18. C. $24. D. $30.
Which museum is open every day? A. Science Museum. B. Art Museum. C. History Museum. D. Nature Museum.

One day, a farmer's donkey (驴) fell into a dry well. The farmer heard its cries and ran to the well. He tried to get the donkey out, but it was too deep. After several hours of trying, he felt tired and gave up.

He thought the donkey was old, so he decided to fill the well with dirt to put it out of its misery. All the neighbors came over to help. They began to shovel (铲) dirt into the well.

At first, the donkey cried horribly. Then, to everyone's surprise, it quieted down. A few shovel loads later, the farmer looked down into the well and was amazed at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that hit its back, the donkey would shake it off and take a step up on the new layer of dirt.

As the farmer and his neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal, it would shake it off and take another step up. Pretty soon, everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and ran away!

Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. The trick to getting out of the well is to shake it off and take a step up. Each of our troubles is a stepping stone. We can get out of the deepest wells just by not stopping, never giving up! Shake off the dirt and take a step up!

What happened to the farmer's donkey? A. It fell into a dry well. B. It was lost in the forest. C. It was hurt by a neighbor. D. It ran away from home.
Why did the farmer decide to fill the well with dirt? A. Because he wanted to kill the donkey. B. Because he wanted to save the donkey in an easy way. C. Because he thought the donkey was too old. D. Because he wanted to build a new well.
What did the donkey do when the dirt hit its back? A. It cried horribly. B. It tried to climb out. C. It shook the dirt off and stepped up. D. It asked for help.
What does the story want to tell us? A. We should be kind to animals. B. We should help our neighbors. C. We should face difficulties bravely and never give up. D. We should not put dirt into wells.
What does the word "stepping stone" mean in the passage? A. A stone for stepping on. B. Something that helps you to achieve something. C. A stone in a well. D. A problem that stops you.

词汇运用（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

A) 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 41. I feel __ (累的) after a long walk. 42. My father is a __ (医生). He works in a hospital. 43. It's important to keep our classroom c__. 44. Don't w__. Everything will be all right. 45. The little girl is too young to dress h__.

B) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 46. There are many __ (different) between the two pictures. 47. Look! The students __ (play) basketball on the playground. 48. He usually __ (go) to school by bike, but he walks today. 49. This is an __ (excite) movie. I want to watch it again. 50. English is widely __ (speak) in the world.

书面表达（共15分）

假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信询问你上周的周末活动，请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信。

上周六上午： 帮助妈妈做家务（clean the house）。
上周六下午： 和朋友去图书馆看书，做作业。
上周日上午： 去公园散步，看到很多花和鸟，感觉很放松。
感受： 周末虽然忙碌，但很愉快。

要求：

词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数，要包含所有要点，可适当发挥。
语言通顺,意思连贯，条理清晰。
信中不得出现真实的人名和校名。

Dear Tom,

Thanks for your last letter. You asked about my last weekend. Let me tell you.

How was your weekend? Please write to me soon.

Yours, Li Hua

参考答案及评分标准

（注：以下为模拟答案，实际考试以官方答案为准。）

语文试卷参考答案

积累与运用

D
A
（1）风正一帆悬（2）何当共剪西窗烛（3）随君直到夜郎西（4）枯藤老树昏鸦（5）学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆（6）非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远
（1）示例：YYDS，绝绝子；解释：YYDS是“永远的神”的拼音首字母缩写，用来形容某人或某物非常厉害，是顶级的。（2）示例：上联：书山有路勤为径下联：学海无涯苦作舟（3）示例：小明，游戏虽然好玩，但会影响学习，我们应该把主要精力放在学习上，这样才能取得好成绩，实现自己的梦想，我们一起努力，好吗？

阅读理解 （一） 5. （1）通“悦”，愉快（2）诚信（3）新的理解、体会（4）有害，有害 6. （1）别人不了解我，我却不生气，不也是君子的品格吗？（2）只学习却不思考，就会感到迷惑；只空想却不学习，就会有害。 7. 不是。“三”是虚指，表示多次，这句话强调要经常反省自己。 8. 学习不仅仅是“学”，还要“习”（复习）和“思”（思考），并且要持之以恒，保持诚信、谦虚的态度。

（二） 9. “我”在一个冬夜晚归，一位素不相识的老奶奶用窗前的灯温暖了“我”。 10. 渲染了寒冷、寂静的氛围，为下文老奶奶和那盏灯的出现作铺垫，形成对比，突出老奶奶的善良和灯的温暖。 11. 表现了老奶奶善良、乐于助人、无私奉献的品质。 12. 运用了比喻的修辞手法，将“灯”比作“温暖的手”，生动形象地写出了灯给“我”带来的温暖和希望，表达了“我”对那盏灯和老奶奶的感激之情。 13. 这里的“灯”不仅指实物，更象征着人间的温暖和善良，它不仅照亮了“我”回家的物理道路，更让“我”感受到了人性的美好，让“我”的心灵受到了洗礼和启迪。 14. 略（要求事例真实，情感真挚，能体现温暖或善良的主题）

作文 15. 略（评分标准：切题，中心明确，内容具体，感情真挚，结构完整，语言流畅，书写规范。）

数学试卷参考答案

选择题

A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. D

填空题 11. 7.5 12. a(x² - 4) 或 a(x+2)(x-2) 13. (3, 4) 14. 2/5 15. 2 16. 15π

解答题 17. 解：原式 = -1 + 1 - 2 × (1/2) + (√2 - 1) = -1 + 1 - 1 + √2 - 1 = -2 + √2 18. 解：原式 = a² + 4a + 4 - (a² - 1) = a² + 4a + 4 - a² + 1 = 4a + 5 当 a = -1 时，原式 = 4 × (-1) + 5 = 1 19. 解：方程两边同乘以x(x+1)，得： 2(x+1) = 3x 2x + 2 = 3x x = 2 检验：当x=2时，x(x+1)≠0。 x=2是原方程的解。 20. （1）证明：∵ AB = AC, D是BC中点 ∴ BD = CD 在△ABD和△ACD中， { AB = AC { BD = CD { AD = AD ∴ △ABD ≌ △ACD (SSS) （2）解：∵ △ABD ≌ △ACD ∴ ∠BAD = ∠CAD ∵ AB = AC ∴ ∠B = ∠C = 40° ∴ ∠BAC = 180° - ∠B - ∠C = 100° ∴ ∠BAD = (1/2)∠BAC = 50° 21. （1）设购进A种商品x件，则购进B种商品(50-x)件。根据题意，得： { 40x + 60(50-x) ≤ 3000 { x ≥ 20 解得：20 ≤ x ≤ 25 ∵ x为整数 ∴ x = 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 共有6种进货方案。（2）设总利润为W元。 W = (50-40)x + (80-60)(50-x) = 10x + 1000 - 40x = -30x + 1000 ∵ k = -30 < 0 ∴ W随x的增大而减小。 ∴ 当x=20时，W最大。 W最大 = -30×20 + 1000 = 400 (元) 答：当购进A种商品20件，B种商品30件时，利润最大，最大利润是400元。 22. （1）∵ 点C(3, 4)在反比例函数y = m/x上， ∴ 4 = m/3, 解得 m = 12. ∴ 反比例函数的表达式为 y = 12/x. ∵ 点C(3, 4)在一次函数y = kx + b上， ∴ { 3k + b = 4 { 0 = kx + b (求A点坐标) 令y=0, 则 kx + b = 0, x = -b/k. ∴ A(-b/k, 0). 由图象可知，△AOB的面积 = (1/2) × |OA| × |OB| = (1/2) × (-b/k) × b = 3. ∴ -b²/(2k) = 3, 即 b² = -6k. 联立方程组 { 3k + b = 4 和 b² = -6k，解得 k = -1, b = 7. ∴ 一次函数的表达式为 y = -x + 7. （2）由图象可知，当 0 < x < 3 时，一次函数的值大于反比例函数的值。