人教版九年级英语知识点有哪些核心考点？

下面我将从核心语法、核心词汇与短语、重点话题与功能意念项目以及学习建议四个方面,为你全面梳理人教版九年级英语的核心知识点。

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核心语法知识点

九年级的语法是重中之重，也是中考的绝对核心,以下是需要重点掌握的几个语法模块：

宾语从句

这是九年级语法的第一个难点,也是贯穿整个学期的重点。

• 定义：在句子中作宾语的从句。
• 引导词：
  • that：无实际意义，只起连接作用，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。

    例：I believe (that) you can make it.

  • if/whether：意为“是否”，不能省略。

    例：Please ask him if/whether he will come.

  • 特殊疑问词：who, what, which, when, where, why, how等，它们在从句中要充当相应的句子成分（主、宾、状等）。
    • 例：Could you tell me where the nearest bank is? (where在从句中作地点状语)
• 语序：宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序（主语 + 谓语），即使主句是疑问句。
  • 错误：Do you know where is he?
  • 正确：Do you know where he is?
• 时态：
  • 主句是现在时/将来时,从句可根据需要使用任何时态。
  • 主句是过去时，从句通常需要使用过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
  • 客观真理或事实，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
    • 例：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.

被动语态

被动语态是中考必考语法,强调动作的承受者。

• 构成：be + 动词的过去分词
• 时态变化：be动词随时态变化，过去分词不变。
  • 一般现在时：am/is/are + done
  • 一般过去时：was/were + done
  • 一般将来时：will be + done / am/is/are going to be + done
  • 含有情态动词：can/may/should be + done
• 用法：
  • 不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者。

    例：This bike was stolen yesterday. (不知道谁偷的)

  • 强调动作的承受者。

    例：The Great Wall is known by people all over the world.

  • 在科技、新闻、正式通知等文体中更客观。
• 主动变被动：
  1. 宾语变主语。
  2. 谓语动词变be + 过去分词。
  3. 主语变by + 宾格,如果没必要可以省略。
  4. 原来的地点/时间状语等保留。
     • 例：Active: We planted many trees last year.
     • Passive: Many trees were planted (by us) last year.

定语从句

这是九年级语法的又一个难点,用于修饰名词或代词。

• 定义：在句子中作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句。
• 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
• 关系代词：引导定语从句，并在从句中充当成分。
  • that：指物或指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

    例：The book (that) I bought yesterday is interesting. (作宾语,可省略)

    
    （图片来源网络，侵删）
  • which：指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。

    例：The story (which) he told us is true. (作宾语,可省略)

  • who：指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

    例：The man (who/whom/that) you saw is my teacher. (作宾语,whom可省略)

  • whose：表示“……的”，指人或物，在从句中作定语。

    例：The boy whose father is a doctor is very clever.

• 关键点：
  • that 和 which 的区别：在非限制性定语从句中（用逗号隔开），只能用which；介词后面只能用which。
  • 关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，可以省略。

情态动词的用法拓展

• must, have to, should, ought to
  • must: 表示“必须，一定”，否定式 mustn't 表示“禁止，千万别”。
  • have to: 表示“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称和数的变化,也有时态变化。
  • should: 表示“应该，建议”，否定式 shouldn't 表示“不应该”。
  • ought to: 与 should 意思相近,语气更强。
• 情态动词 + have done (过去完成时)：对过去发生的事情进行推测或评论。
  • must have done: 肯定推测，意为“过去一定做了某事”。

    例：The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.

  • can't have done: 否定推测，意为“过去不可能做了某事”。

    例：He can't have finished the work so soon.

  • could have done: 对过去的可能性推测，意为“过去本可以做某事（但没做）”，或表示责备。

    例：You could have told me earlier. (责备)

  • should have done: 意为“过去本应该做某事（但没做）”，表示责备或后悔。

    例：You should have followed your teacher's advice.

  • shouldn't have done: 意为“过去本不该做某事（但做了）”，表示责备或后悔。

    例：He shouldn't have driven after drinking.

非谓语动词

这是初中到高中的关键过渡点,主要掌握不定式和动名词作宾语的情况。

• want/plan/hope/decide/would like/learn/try 等词 + to do sth.

  例：I want to travel around the world.

• enjoy/finish/mind/practice/keep/suggest/avoid 等词 + doing sth.

  例：I enjoy listening to music.

• stop/remember/forget 等词 + to do / doing 的区别
  • stop to do: 停止正在做的事,去做另一件事。
  • stop doing: 停止正在做的某事。
  • remember/forget to do: 记得/忘记要去做某事（事情未做）。
  • remember/forget doing: 记得/忘记做过某事（事情已做）。

虚拟语气

主要掌握 if 引导的虚拟条件句,表示与事实相反的假设。

• 与现在事实相反：If + 主语 + 过去式..., 主语 + would/could/should/might + do...
  • 例：If I were you, I would go with him.
• 与过去事实相反：If + 主语 + had done..., 主语 + would/could/should/might + have done...
  • 例：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

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核心词汇与短语

九年级的词汇量大幅增加，且多为“四会”（听、说、读、写）词汇，以下是按单元划分的核心词汇和短语（常见于Unit 1-14）：

• Unit 1: How can we become good learners?

  • 核心词: textbook, conversation, aloud, pronunciation, sentence, patient, expression, discover, secret, look up, grammar, repeat, note, pal, issue, online, unless, friendship, lose, disagree, develop, knowledge.
  • 核心短语: work with friends, ask the teacher for help, read aloud, practice pronunciation, make mistakes, end up, so that, take notes, by doing sth., enjoy doing, be afraid to do, laugh at, first of all, to begin with, write down, later on.

• Unit 2: I think that mooncakes are delicious!

  • 核心词: mooncake, lantern, stranger, relative, pound, put on, pound, Christmas, present, warm, spread, steal, lay, lay the table, admire, lay out, dessert, garden, garden, tradition, tie, warm, gift.
  • 核心短语: give out, put up, eat up, on special holidays, Christmas Eve, get together, lay the table, in the shape of, as a result, share with, end with, treat sb. to sth.

• Unit 3: Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?

  • 核心词: restroom, stamp, bookstore, beside, pardon, washroom, direct, polite, request, direction, correct, polite, impolite, address, suggest, mention, correct, politely, politely, direct, order, menu.
  • 核心短语: excuse me, pass by, go past, turn left, on the one hand, on the other hand, get to, point to, be/get lost, a number of, a couple of, on the corner of, go along, be full of, in different situations.

• Unit 4: I used to be afraid of the dark.

  • 核心词: humorous, silent, helpful, from time to time, score, background, interview, Asian, dare, private, guard, require, European, African, take pride in, be proud of, in public, tons of, no longer, not...anymore.
  • 核心短语: be interested in, be terrified of, go to sleep, take up, pay attention to, give up, be able to, deal with, even though, at least, lots of, in the end, make a decision, to one's surprise, proud of.

• Unit 5: What are the shirts made of?

  • 核心词: chopsticks, fork, coin, fork, blouse, silver, glass, cotton, steel, grass, leaf, produce, widely, process, be known for, be famous for, even though, avoid, product, pack, send out.
  • 核心短语: be made of/from, be used for, be made in, no matter, even if, all over the world, by hand, in fact, as far as I know, on the side of, at the top of, send out.

• Unit 6: When was it invented?

  • 核心词: invent, scoop, crispy, salty, sour, customer, by mistake, divide, heat, pleasure, pepper, smell, taste, pleasant, pie, by accident, fall into, remain, notice, temperature, suddenly, boil.
  • 核心短语: by accident, divide...into..., be invented by, without doubt, at that time, by mistake, fall into, the number of, a number of, take place, in the end.

• Unit 7: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.

  • 核心词: license, silly, instead, manage, society, educate, choice, spend, educate, community, support, enter, choice, enter, choose, point, pier, driver, license, earring, pierce, hug, lift, awful, regret.
  • 核心短语: be allowed to do, should be allowed to, sixteen-year-olds, part-time job, at that age, stop...from doing, learn from, worry about, get in the way of, spend...on (doing) sth., old people's home.

• Unit 8: It must belong to Carla.

  • 核心词: picnic, rabbit, attend, valuable, pink, anybody, sleep, whose, plate, drop, circle, mystery, escape, pretend, chase, shout, jump, shout, happen, wolf, unfold, circle, arrive, noise, police, agent.
  • 核心短语: belong to, because of, be used for, run away, keep...to oneself, no wonder, the rest of, at first, hurry up, make noise, go off, in silence.

• Unit 9: I like music that I can dance to.

  • 核心词: prefer, lyric, gentle, electronic, suppose, spare, stick, painful, wound, audience, introduce, director, line, documentary, drama, so that, shut, quality, wonder, message, remind, war, peace, success.
  • 核心短语: prefer...to..., remind...of..., stick to, be in agreement with, in that case, to start with, take it easy, make up, play a role, feel like, look for, try one's best.

• Unit 10: You're supposed to shake hands.

  • 核心词: custom, bow, kiss, greet, value, capital, noon, mad, get mad, effort, empty, full, basic, exchange, drop by, after all, later on, plan, relax, schedule, airport, wrong, point.
  • 核心短语: be supposed to do, shake hands, kiss sb. on the cheek, pick up, make plans, for example, on time, drop by, at noon, a bit, be relaxed, be full of, make an effort, be used to, get used to.

• Unit 11: Sad movies make me cry.

  • 核心词: power, instead, influence, friendship, drive, exam, message, teenager, themselves, usual, lately, ever since, exam, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, friendship, 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