八年级上Unit 6重点难点是什么？

这个单元的主题是“谈论正在发生的事情”，核心语法是现在进行时,这是整个初中阶段非常重要的一个时态。

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核心语法：现在进行时

用法

主要用来表示说话时正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行的动作。

• 例句:
  • Look! He is playing basketball. (看！他正在打篮球。)
  • We are having an English class now. (我们现在正在上英语课。)
  • It's 10 p.m. I am reading a book. (现在是晚上10点，我正在看书。)

构成

主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词的-ing形式

主语	be动词	动词-ing形式
I	am	doing
He / She / It	is	doing
You / We / They	are	doing

• 例句:
  • I am reading a book.
  • He is watching TV.
  • They are cleaning the room.

动词-ing形式的构成规则 (非常重要！)

规则	原形	-ing形式	例词
一般直接加-ing	do	doing	go -> going, ask -> asking
以不发音的e结尾，去e加-ing	write	writing	make -> making, dance -> dancing
以“辅音字母 + y”变y为i再加-ing	study	studying	carry -> carrying, fly -> flying
重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母再加-ing	run	running	sit -> sitting, swim -> swimming, get -> getting

记忆口诀: "直去双" (直接加，去e加，双写加)。

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核心词汇

动词

• do (做) -> doing
• watch (观看) -> watching
• clean (打扫) -> cleaning
• read (阅读) -> reading
• write (写) -> writing
• talk (谈话) -> talking
• play (玩；打(球)) -> playing
• use (使用) -> using
• make (制作) -> making
• have (吃；喝) -> having
• sleep (睡觉) -> sleeping
• shop (购物) -> shopping
• swim (游泳) -> swimming
• run (跑) -> running
• get (得到；到达) -> getting
• put (放) -> putting

名词

• newspaper (报纸)
• soup (汤)
• magazine (杂志)
• library (图书馆)
• pool (游泳池)
• mall (购物中心)
• supermarket (超市)
• movie (电影)
• store (商店)

其他

• just (刚刚)
• join (加入)
• us (我们,宾格)
• anyone (任何人)
• everyone (每个人)
• him (他,宾格)
• miss (想念)
• wish (希望)
• delicious (美味的)

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核心句型

询问对方正在做什么

• What are you doing?

  • 答语: I'm + V-ing. (我正在……)
  • 例: A: What are you doing? B: I'm reading a book.

• What is he/she/it doing?

  
  （图片来源网络，侵删）
  • 答语: He/She/It is + V-ing. (他/她/它正在……)
  • 例: A: What is your father doing? B: He's watching TV.

• What are they doing?

  • 答语: They are + V-ing. (他们正在……)
  • 例: A: What are the kids doing? B: They are playing in the park.

询问对方是否正在做某事

• Are you + V-ing?

  • 答语: Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. (I'm + V-ing.)
  • 例: A: Are you doing your homework? B: Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. I'm cleaning my room.

• Is he/she/it + V-ing?

  • 答语: Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/it isn't. (He/She/It's + V-ing.)
  • 例: A: Is your sister sleeping? B: No, she isn't. She's studying.

• Are they + V-ing?

  • 答语: Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. (They're + V-ing.)
  • 例: A: Are they swimming? B: Yes, they are.

描述当前正在发生的事情

• Look! / Listen! (看！/ 听！) - 通常用来提醒对方注意眼前正在发生的事。
  • 例: Look! A cat is chasing a mouse.
• I'm + V-ing. (我正在……)
  • 例: I'm talking on the phone.
• He/She/It's + V-ing. (他/她/它正在……)
  • 例: It's raining outside.
• We/You/They're + V-ing. (我们/你们/他们正在……)
  • 例: They're waiting for the bus.

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课文与对话重点

Section A 1a-2d (核心对话)

• 场景: 两个人打电话,互相询问对方和家人的近况。
• 重点句型:
  • Hello? This is Jenny. (喂？我是珍妮。) - 电话用语。
  • What are you doing? (你在做什么？)
  • I'm reading a book. (我正在看书。)
  • Do you want to go to the movies? (你想去看电影吗？) - want to do sth. 想要做某事。
  • This is a great time to go out. (现在是出门的好时候。)
  • Let's go! (我们走吧！)

Section B 1a-2c (拓展与阅读)

• 场景: 描述公园里人们的活动。
• 重点句型:
  • There is a man reading a newspaper. (有一个人正在看报纸。) - There is sb. doing sth. 结构，表示“有某人正在做某事”。
  • Some children are swimming in the pool. (一些孩子正在游泳池里游泳。)
  • Others are sitting on the grass and talking. (另一些正坐在草地上聊天。) - Others 表示“另一些（人或物）”。

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学习建议与常见错误

学习建议

• 情景记忆法: 把单词和句子放在具体的生活情景中去记，看到电视就想到 "I'm watching TV."。
• 多听多模仿: 反复听课本录音，模仿语音语调,培养语感。
• 勤于练习: 主动用现在进行时描述身边正在发生的事情，"My mother is cooking." "My friend is calling me."。
• 制作卡片: 制作单词卡片，正面写原形，背面写-ing形式和中文意思,随时记忆。

常见错误

• 忘记 be 动词: 错误: I playing basketball. 正确: I am playing basketball.
• be 动词形式错误: 错误: He are playing. 正确: He is playing.
• 动词-ing 形式错误:
  • 错误: writeing (忘记去e) -> 正确: writing
  • 错误: runing (忘记双写n) -> 正确: running
  • 错误: studys (忘记变y为i) -> 正确: studying
• 混淆现在进行时和一般现在时:
  • 现在进行时: 表示“正在”做某事，有 now, look, listen 等词提示。
    • 例: Listen! She is singing. (听！她正在唱歌。)
  • 一般现在时: 表示“经常、习惯性”的动作或客观事实。
    • 例: She sings very well. (她歌唱得很好。)

希望这份详细的总结能帮助你更好地掌握 Unit 6 的内容！加油！