八年级英语上册第三单元
校园之窗 2025年12月28日 07:12:00 99ANYc3cd6
,包括核心词汇、核心句型、语法讲解、话题拓展和练习建议,希望能帮助你系统地掌握这个单元。
单元主题与核心目标
- 单元主题: What are you doing for vacation? (你假期要做什么?)
- 核心语法: 现在进行时表将来
- 核心能力: 学会用英语谈论和计划假期活动、安排和爱好。
核心词汇
假期活动类
- camping /'kæmpɪŋ/ n. & v. 野营
- hiking /'haɪkɪŋ/ n. & v. 远足,徒步旅行
- fishing /'fɪʃɪŋ/ n. & v. 钓鱼
- renting /'rentɪŋ/ v. 租赁
- bike riding /'baɪk 'raɪdɪŋ/ n. 骑自行车
- sightseeing /'saɪtsiːɪŋ/ n. 观光,游览
- getting /'getɪŋ/ v. (get的现在分词) 获得,到达
- relaxing /rɪ'læksɪŋ/ adj. 放松的,v. (relax的现在分词) 放松
- playing /'pleɪɪŋ/ v. (play的现在分词) 玩,打(球)
- babysitting /'beɪbɪsɪtɪŋ/ n. & v. 临时照顾婴儿
- visiting /'vɪzɪtɪŋ/ v. (visit的现在分词) 参观,拜访
地点类
- beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滩
- museum /mjuː'ziːəm/ n. 博物馆
- Great Wall (the) 长城
- Huangshan (Mount) 黄山
- home /həʊm/ n. 家
- New York 纽约
- Canada /'kænədə/ n. 加拿大
时间/频率类
- today /tə'deɪ/ adv. 今天
- tomorrow /tə'mɒrəʊ/ adv. 明天
- this weekend 这个周末
- the day after tomorrow 后天
- next week/month 下周/下个月
- for prep. (表示时间、距离)持续
- how long 多久
其他重要词汇
- plan /plæn/ n. & v. 计划
- decide /dɪ'saɪd/ v. 决定
- hope /həʊp/ v. 希望
- forget /fər'ɡet/ v. 忘记
- gather /'ɡæðə(r)/ v. 聚集,收集
- leave /liːv/ v. 离开
- thing /θɪŋ/ n. 事情,东西
核心句型
这个单元的句型主要围绕“假期计划”展开,大量使用现在进行时。

询问假期计划
- What are you doing for vacation? (你假期要做什么?)
- What is he/she doing for vacation? (他/她假期要做什么?)
- What are they doing for vacation? (他们假期要做什么?)
- How long are you staying there? (你要在那里待多久?)
- When are you leaving? (你什么时候出发?)
回答假期计划
- I'm visiting my grandparents. (我要去看望我的祖父母。)
- He's going camping in the mountains. (他要去山里野营。)
- She's babysitting her sister. (她要照顾她妹妹。)
- We're hiking in the Himalayas. (我们要去喜马拉雅山徒步。)
- I'm staying for about three weeks. (我要待大约三周。)
- I'm leaving on Friday. (我周五出发。)
表达个人意愿和感受
- That sounds interesting/relaxing/boring. (那听起来很有趣/很放松/很无聊。)
- I hope to have a great vacation. (我希望有个很棒的假期。)
- I plan to relax at home. (我计划在家放松。)
- I decide to go to the beach. (我决定去海滩。)
核心语法:现在进行时表将来
这是本单元的重中之重,也是很多学生容易混淆的地方。
概念
当句中有表示将来时间的状语(如 tomorrow, next week, this weekend, for vacation)时,可以用现在进行时来表示已经计划好或安排好的将来动作,这种安排通常比较确定。
结构
-
肯定句:
主语 + am/is/are + 动词的-ing形式 + ...- I am going hiking this weekend. (我周末要去徒步。)
- She is leaving for New York tomorrow. (她明天要去纽约。)
- They are staying at home for vacation. (他们假期要待在家里。)
-
否定句:
主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词的-ing形式 + ...
(图片来源网络,侵删)- I am not going hiking this weekend.
- She isn't leaving for New York tomorrow.
-
一般疑问句:
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词的-ing形式 + ...?- Are you going hiking this weekend?
- Is she leaving for New York tomorrow?
- Are they staying at home for vacation?
-
特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词的-ing形式 + ...?- What are you doing for vacation?
- How long are you staying there?
- When is he leaving?
对比:一般现在时 vs. 现在进行时表将来
| 特点 | 一般现在时 | 现在进行时 |
|---|---|---|
| 功能 | 习惯性、反复性的动作 客观事实、真理 |
表示已安排好、有计划的将来动作 |
| 时间状语 | always, usually, often, every day, on Sundays |
tomorrow, next week, this weekend, for vacation |
| 例句 | I go to school every day. (我每天都去上学。) | I am going to school tomorrow. (我明天要去上学。) |
话题拓展与情景对话
和朋友讨论假期计划
A: Hi, Lily! What are you doing for summer vacation? 嗨,莉莉!你暑假要做什么?
B: I'm not sure yet. Maybe I'm going to the beach with my family. 还不确定,也许我会和家人去海滩。

A: That sounds great! How long are you staying? 听起来很棒!你们要待多久?
B: We're staying for a week. What about you? 我们待一周,你呢?
A: I'm visiting my grandparents in the countryside. My dad is driving us there. 我要去乡下看望我的祖父母,我爸爸会开车送我们过去。
B: That sounds relaxing. Have a good time! 听起来很放松,祝你玩得开心!
计划一次旅行
A: Let's plan a trip to Huangshan. 我们来计划一次去黄山的旅行吧。
B: Good idea! When are we leaving? 好主意!我们什么时候出发?
A: How about leaving on Friday evening? We can get there on Saturday morning. 周五晚上出发怎么样?我们周六早上就能到。
B: OK. And how long are we staying? 好的,我们要待多久?
A: We're staying for two days. We can go hiking and see the sunrise. 我们待两天,可以去徒步,还能看日出。
B: Perfect! I'm really looking forward to it. 太棒了!我非常期待。
学习建议与练习
-
词汇记忆:
- 分类记忆: 把所有假期活动、地点等词汇分类整理。
- 造句记忆: 为每个新学的动词短语造一个句子,
I like hiking.She is planning to go fishing.
-
语法巩固:
- 句型转换: 练习将肯定句变为否定句和疑问句。
He is playing basketball. (变否定和疑问)
- 情景填空: 在有上下文的句子中填入正确的动词形式。
- A: ___ (you/go) to the party tonight?
- B: Yes, I am. I ___ (leave) at 7 p.m.
- 对比练习: 写几组句子,对比一般现在时和现在进行时表将来的区别。
- 句型转换: 练习将肯定句变为否定句和疑问句。
-
口语练习:
- 角色扮演: 和同学模仿上面的情景对话,进行问答。
- 自我介绍: 准备一个1-2分钟的英文小演讲,介绍你下个周末或假期的计划。
-
写作练习:
- 写邮件/短信: 给你的朋友写一封英文邮件或短信,告诉他/她你的假期计划。
- 写日记: 用英语简单记录你一天的计划,
Today, I am studying for the test. Tomorrow, I am playing soccer with my friends.
希望这份详细的总结对你有帮助!加油!